Economy
Proposed Fragmentation of Stock Market Tears Operators Apart
By Dipo Olowookere
Capital market operators in Nigeria have expressed divergent views on the plan by the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) to fragment the stock market, Vanguard is reporting.
The SEC had disclosed plan to fragment the stock exchange further to cater for small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in the country interested in listing but are encumbered by the stringent listing requirement of the Nigerian Stock Exchange (NSE) as part of efforts to drive equity listing in the stock market.
According to SEC, the process, when completed, would lessen the strident listing rules that have been hindering small companies from listing in the stock market.
However, operators who spoke to Financial Vanguard said that creation of multiple exchanges is not enough to propel listing, while others argue that it is the right step in the right direction.
According to Mr Johnson Chukwu, Managing Director/CEO, Cowry Asset Management Limited, creating multiple exchanges would have little impact on the quest to get more companies to list.
He noted that what is of utmost importance is for companies to have incentives for listing. He opined that though it is good to have multiple exchanges, create different listing requirements for those exchanges and have lower standard of listing requirements, but ultimately, “shareholders are looking for liquidity for their stocks; they are looking for appropriate pricing of their stocks and access to long term funds. Those conditions must be in place to make for the buoyancy of those exchanges”
Appropriate pricing of their shares
“We have had two tier market for a long time. We had a second tier market and we now have the ASeM that took over the second tier market and we have seen the performance of the AseM.
“The basic thing is not for companies to list, there must be incentive for listing and those incentives should include liquidity in their shares, appropriate pricing of their shares and ability to obtain longer term funds by virtue of being listed.
“These conditions must be in place for companies to signify to list irrespective of the number of exchanges you have.
“Unfortunately, because of the current economic condition, stock prices are not reflective of the intrinsic worth of the companies and shareholders do not have any compelling need to list their companies.
“So, until those conditions are in place when the stock market will reflect the intrinsic worth of the companies, stocks should be appropriately priced, the market will increase liquidity for those stocks, then listing will give companies opportunity to raise long term funds from the primary market, then multiple stock exchanges may not materially affect the number of companies that will list,” Mr Chukwu argued.
In his own view, Mr Austin Okoye, Member, Channel Sales, Cordros Capital Limited, said the plan is not bad in itself, but the implementation stage might pose a challenge.
He observed that the SEC may not be toeing an unusual line, saying that it is the practice in other climes.
According to him, the creation of multiple exchanges as proposed by SEC would likely create competition among the exchanges leading to more efficiency and effectiveness.
He further stated that it would engender more seriousness in corporate governance of the exchanges.
“Multiple stock exchanges will create an element of liquidity and transparency because whether the exchanges know it or not, they are competing in some ways and companies will have to look at which exchange that provide the best opportunity for them before deciding whether to list on NSE or any of the new ones that will be created.
“In the end, it will be good but a lot will depend on the management of all the exchanges,” Mr Okoye said.
He added that competition will also drive down cost and create opportunity for companies that are not eligible today to be listed on the NSE to access those exchanges.
By Adedapo Adesanya
Crude oil went down on Tuesday after a projection showed steady demand in the world’s largest oil producer, the United States, for 2025, Brent futures declining by $1.09 or 1.35 per cent to settle at $79.92 a barrel and the US West Texas Intermediate (WTI) crude losing $1.32 or 1.67 per cent to finish at $77.50 a barrel.
On Tuesday, the US Energy Information Administration said the country’s oil demand would remain steady at 20.5 million barrels per day in 2025 and 2026, with domestic oil output rising to 13.55 million barrels per day, an increase from the agency’s previous forecast of 13.52 million barrels per day for this year.
Also, the oil market shrank a few days after prices gained following new US sanctions on Russian oil exports to India and China.
On Monday, prices jumped 2 per cent after the US Treasury Department on Friday imposed sanctions on Gazprom Neft and Surgutneftegas as well as 183 vessels that transport oil as part of Russia’s so-called shadow fleet of tankers.
Analysts say this move could have a significant price impact on Russian oil supplies from the fresh sanctions, however, their effect on the physical market could be less pronounced than what the affected volumes might suggest.
ING analysts estimated the new sanctions had the potential to erase the entire 700,000 barrels per day surplus they had forecast for this year, but said the real impact could be lower.
Uncertainty about demand from China, the world’s largest oil importer, could impact tighter supply this year.
China’s crude oil imports fell in 2024 for the first time in two decades outside of the COVID-19 pandemic, official data showed on Monday.
Meanwhile, the American Petroleum Institute (API) estimated that crude oil inventories in the US fell by 2.6 million barrels for the week ending January 10.
For the week prior, the API reported a draw of 4.022 million barrels in US crude oil inventories amid build season, while product inventories saw a hefty build.
In 2024, crude oil inventories dropped by more than 12 million barrels, according to the API’s inventory data. In the first few weeks of 2025, crude inventories have shed more than 6.6 million barrels.
Official data from the US EIA will be due later on Wednesday, confirming the actual level of stockpiles.
By Dipo Olowookere
The Nigerian Exchange (NGX) Limited came under heavy selling pressure on Tuesday, going down by 1.66 per cent as investors embarked on profit-taking after most stocks on the trading platform gained in the past few trading sessions.
It was observed that the industrial goods sector was the most affected yesterday as it went down by 4.99 per cent due to the decline suffered by Dangote Cement and others.
The insurance continued its downward trend during the day as it lost 2.80 per cent, the consumer goods counter fell by 0.27 per cent, and the banking index shed 0.10 per cent, while the energy sector appreciated by 0.29 per cent.
At the close of business, the All-Share Index (ASI) deflated by 1,745.16 points to settle at 103,622.09 points compared with the previous trading day’s 105,367.25 points and the market capitalisation moderated by N1.1 trillion to finish at N63.188 trillion versus Monday’s N64.252 trillion.
Business Post reports that investor sentiment remained weak on Tuesday after the bourse ended with 41 depreciating equities and 23 appreciating equities, representing a negative market breadth index.
Honeywell Flour lost 10.00 per cent to trade at N9.54, Dangote Cement declined by 9.98 per cent to N431.00, Julius Berger crashed by 9.98 per cent to N139.80, Sovereign Trust Insurance decreased by 9.68 per cent to N1.12, and Prestige Assurance tumbled by 9.30 per cent to N1.17.
On the flip side, Northern Nigerian Flour Mills appreciated by 10.00 per cent to N45.10, Livestock Feeds grew by 9.91 per cent to N6.10, Academy Press expanded by 9.90 per cent to N3.22, University Press increased by 9.82 per cent to N4.81, and Neimeth gained 9.76 per cent to quote at N3.15.
During the session, market participants bought and sold 503.3 million shares valued at N12.6 billion in 12,900 deals compared with the 505.8 million shares worth N8.1 billion traded in 14,259 deals a day earlier, indicating a rise in the trading value by 55.56 per cent and a drop in the trading volume and number of deals by 0.49 per cent and 9.53 per cent, respectively.
The most active stock for the session was GTCO with 54.4 million units worth N3.2 billion, Nigerian Breweries transacted 32.2 million units for N1.0 billion, Universal Insurance traded 30.8 million units valued at N22.6 million, AIICO Insurance exchanged 26.6 million units worth N47.2 million, and Chams transacted 20.0 million units valued at N40.9 million.
By Adedapo Adesanya
The federal government is offering two new savings bonds with interest rates between 17 and 18 per cent through the Debt Management Office (DMO).
In a statement by the agency, the country said retail investors can purchase the two-year bond maturing in January 2027 at 17.23 per cent interest, while the three-year paper maturing in January 2028 at a coupon rate of 18.23 per cent.
Bonds are very safe financial instrument that serve as investments because they are backed by the federal government, which promises to pay back the money.
According to the DMO, people can buy these bonds starting January 13, 2025, until January 17, 2025, with allotment expected on January 22, 2025, and the interest to be paid to investors every three months – in April, July, October, and January.
These bonds have some special features. They are tax-free under both company and personal tax laws.
Big investors like pension funds and trustees are allowed to buy them and each bond costs N1,000 each.
However, interested investor can only buy at least N5,000 worth, and can’t buy more than N50 million.
This comes after the Ms Patience Oniha-led debt office said the Nigerian government was offering three bonds worth N150 billion in September 2024.
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