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Reserves Used to Repay Debts, Not Defend Naira—CBN Governor

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cbn governor yemi cardoso external reserves

By Adedapo Adesanya

The Governor of the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN), Mr Yemi Cardoso, has said the recent depletion of the nation’s foreign reserves happened because funds from the purse were used to repay debts owed international creditors.

The Governor gave this explanation at the ongoing International Monetary Fund- World Bank Spring Meetings holding in Washington D.C, the US, on Wednesday, clarifying that the external reserves were not depleted because of the need to defend the Naira as widely speculated.

Nigerians had raised concerns over the significant downturn of the country’s foreign exchange (FX) reserves, plunging by approximately $2.16 billion in 29 days.

Data on the movement of foreign reserves obtained from the CBN website showed that as of April 15, 2024, the FX reserves are now positioned at $32.29 billion, a stark decline from $34.45 billion recorded on March 18, 2024.

The decline, which marks the lowest in six years, marks a decisive end to a period of steady accrual, during which the reserves witnessed a 43-day surge, accruing $1.28 billion between February 5 and March 18, 2024.

However, since it coincided with efforts to stabilise the Naira, there had been criticisms that the Mr Cardoso-led CBN was defending the Naira with the reserves.

In a video monitored by Business Post, Mr Cardoso said this was not the case.

“I want to make this as clear as possible, it is not in our intention to defend the Naira. and as much I have read in the recent few days, some opinions with respect to what is happening with our reserves and if the central bank is defending the Naira.

“What we have seen with respect to the shift in our reserves is the shift that you would find in any country where for example, debts are due and certain payments need to be made and they’re done because that is also part of keeping your credibility intact,” the central banker explained.

He said the depleting external reserves is due to debt repayments, other obligations, and depletion due to the ordinary course of business as seen in other countries, adding that there were no intentions to defend the local currency with the external reserves, as it was counterintuitive.

“So, as long as we have a vibrant currency market, why do we need to go in there to intervene? We don’t need to.

“I can understand that, especially at the outset, there have been little cases where the Bureau du Change (the BDCs), there was a need to get that segment going.

“And small amounts of money, relatively tiny amounts of money, have gone into that to catalyse that happening because it is important that individuals have access to funds to send their kids abroad and do things which are important-health, etc.

“So, it’s important not to keep them out of the mainstay. But in terms of intervention, frankly that’s really not our intention at all,” he quipped.

Adedapo Adesanya is a journalist, polymath, and connoisseur of everything art. When he is not writing, he has his nose buried in one of the many books or articles he has bookmarked or simply listening to good music with a bottle of beer or wine. He supports the greatest club in the world, Manchester United F.C.

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Economy

CSCS Boss Shantali Says T+1 Settlement Targets Long-Term Capital Market Growth

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Shehu Yahaya Shantali

By Adedapo Adesanya

The chief executive of the Central Securities Clearing System (CSCS) Plc, Mr Shehu Yahaya Shantali, says Nigeria’s shift to a T+1 settlement cycle goes beyond faster transactions and is intended to deepen long-term growth in the capital market.

Speaking at a ceremony marking the commencement of T+1 settlement in Lagos, Mr Shantali described the development as a strategic milestone that goes beyond faster transaction timelines to reinforce the market’s structural strength and future readiness.

According to him, the shortened settlement cycle reflects years of investment in infrastructure, technology, and stakeholder collaboration aimed at transforming Nigeria into a globally competitive investment destination.

Nigeria recently became the first market in Africa to adopt the T+1 framework, reducing the settlement period for securities transactions from two days to one.

According to the boss of the securities depository firm, the shortened settlement cycle reflects years of investment in infrastructure, technology, and stakeholder collaboration aimed at transforming Nigeria into a globally competitive investment destination.

“These investments are not solely for T+1 settlement but to position Nigeria’s capital market for sustained growth and longterm competitiveness,” he said.

The migration from T+1 settlement is expected to enhance liquidity, improve capital efficiency, and reduce counterparty risk across the market.

Mr Shantali explained that the T+1 transition represents the culmination of a decades-long evolution from a manual, paper-based system to a fully automated, technology-driven post-trade environment.

He recalled that investors previously waited several months to complete transactions under the old system, but successive reforms, including transitions to T+5, T+3, and T+2, steadily improved efficiency and market integrity.

The latest upgrade, he said, builds on extensive preparations undertaken over the past three years, including system enhancements, process optimisation, and market-wide readiness assessments coordinated by the SEC and industry stakeholders.

On his part, the Director-General of the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), Mr Emomotimi Agama, said the reform signals Nigeria’s readiness to compete at the highest levels of global finance, noting that the country transitioned from T+2 to T+1 within six months.

“The era of T+1 has begun,” Mr Agama said, adding that shorter settlement cycles are critical to attracting global capital and strengthening investor confidence.

He noted that leading markets such as the United States, Canada, and India have already adopted T+1 settlement, while several European markets are preparing to migrate, making Nigeria’s transition a crucial step in maintaining international relevance.

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Economy

Businesses Not Feeling Full Benefits of Tinubu’s Reforms—NECA

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NECA Adewale Smatt-Oyerinde

By Adedapo Adesanya

Many private sector operators have yet to experience the anticipated gains of President Bola Tinubu’s reforms as they continue to grapple with inflation, energy costs and exchange rate volatility, the Director-General of the Nigeria Employers’ Consultative Association (NECA), Mr Adewale-Smatt Oyerinde, has said.

Mr Oyerinde acknowledged that the removal of fuel subsidy and liberalisation of the foreign exchange market reflected the government’s commitment to market-driven economic policies and improved transparency across sectors.

He said the reforms had enhanced fuel availability, reduced recurring supply disruptions and signalled policy consistency to both local and foreign investors, but noted that while there are indications of improved investor confidence, many domestic businesses, particularly Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs), continue to contend with operational challenges.

The NEC chief said the depreciation of the Naira had increased production costs, affected competitiveness and heightened operational risks for many businesses.

“Many private sector operators are yet to experience the anticipated gains of the reforms as they continue to grapple with inflation, energy costs and exchange rate volatility,” he said in a recent interview with the News Agency of Nigeria (NAN) while assessing the administration’s economic performance.

Mr Oyerinde said declining consumer purchasing power and increasing production expenses had placed pressure on businesses, with some firms adjusting investment plans and operations in response to prevailing economic conditions.

On infrastructure and refining, the NECA DG said developments in housing, industrial investments and local petroleum refining had created opportunities and contributed to improved fuel supply.

He, however, identified power supply as a major challenge facing businesses, citing persistent grid instability and reliance on alternative energy sources.

“In spite of the ongoing reforms in the power sector, insufficient electricity supply remains the number one constraint to business productivity and competitiveness across the country,” he said.

Mr Oyerinde said that although some macroeconomic indicators, including foreign reserves and government revenues, had shown improvement, the gains were yet to be broadly reflected in business operations and household welfare.

“Inflation, high energy costs, multiple taxation, logistics challenges and weak consumer spending continue to constrain productivity and limit business expansion,” he said.

He said employers remained cautious about large-scale recruitment amid high borrowing costs, foreign exchange volatility and rising operating expenses.

According to him, sustainable job creation will depend on deeper structural reforms that reduce the cost of doing business and improve access to affordable finance.

He urged the government to prioritise stable power supply, lower energy costs, tax harmonisation, policy consistency and foreign exchange stability to accelerate economic recovery and strengthen investor confidence.

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Economy

NASD Unlisted Security Index Records 1.89% Growth

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NASD Unlisted Security Index

By Adedapo Adesanya

The NASD Over-the-Counter (OTC) Securities Exchange recorded its best performance this year on Tuesday, June 2, closing higher by 1.89 per cent.

During the session, the NASD Unlisted Security Index (NSI) went up by 81.62 points to 4,406.30 points from the preceding day’s 4,324.68 points, and the market capitalisation added N48.48 billion to close at N2.636 trillion compared with Monday’s N2.587 trillion.

Business Post reports that the bourse recorded five price gainers and one price loser, Geo-Fluid Plc, which fell by 1 Kobo to N2.87 per unit from N2.88 per unit.

Conversely, Nipco Plc gained N31.57 to sell at N347.27 per share versus N315.70 per share, FrieslandCampina Wamco Nigeria Plc grew by N9.86 to N196.51 per unit from N186.68 per unit, Central Securities Clearing System (CSCS) Plc improved by N3.13 to N76.10 per share from N72.97 per share, Food Concepts Plc added 27 Kobo to sell at N2.95 per unit compared with the preceding day’s N2.68 per unit, and UBN Property Plc expanded by 17 Kobo to N2.20 per share from N2.03 per share.

Yesterday, the volume of securities transacted by investors depreciated by 91.4 per cent to 307,363 units from the previous session’s 3.6 million units, and the value of securities dropped 75.9 per cent to N42.8 million from the preceding session’s N177.4 million, while the number of deals went up by 13.5 per cent to 42 deals from Monday’s 37 deals.

At the close of trades, Great Nigeria Insurance (GNI) Plc was the most traded stock by value on a year-to-date basis with 3.4 billion units traded for N8.4 billion, followed by Infrastructure Credit Guarantee (Infracredit) Plc with 2.3 billion units sold for N6.5 billion, and CSCS Plc with 64.3 million units exchanged for N4.4 billion.

GNI Plc also finished as the most active stock by volume on a year-to-date basis with 3.4 billion units worth N8.4 billion, followed by Infracredit Plc with 2.3 billion units valued at N6.5 billion, and Resourcery Plc with 1.1 billion units sold for N415.7 million.

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