Feature/OPED
Nano, Micro, and Small Businesses: Path to Growth with Government Services And Contracts

By Timi Olubiyi, PhD
In today’s turbulent business environment, predominantly with the economic recession, inflation, and the disruptive novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, strategy becomes the main source of competitive advantage for businesses and organisations.
However, for a strategy to be meaningful, a business must have a reliable and working business and organisational structure.
The fundamental problem that occurs in most businesses particularly the nano, micro, and small-sized enterprises in the country is that they operate informally and how to establish a successful and profitable enterprise in a way to satisfy the common and personal interest is complicated.
I am delighted to correctly inform you that this issue revolves around sound business structure planning. Hence, when a business and its activities are divided, organised, coordinated, and controlled without duplications and are hassle-free, it is said to be structured.
An organisational structure can be seen as ways in which responsibilities and power are allocated and work procedures are carried out in a business by operators and workers.
From context observation small businesses in Nigeria are rarely structured, usually, they have a small working group and face-to-face communication is frequent, this generally undermines formality, business growth, and productivity.
A point to note is that this informal arrangement is prevalent in the country and is a worrisome culture amongst start-ups and small businesses.
Thus, this piece is to share the importance of business formalisation and the need to have organisational procedures, established rules, and responsibilities assigned, regardless of the business size, employee size, revenue generation, or the range of the business function.
Having a business incorporated or registered at the Corporate Affairs Commission (CAC) and setting up a business account in a commercial bank are only the starting points of formalisation of business, structure involves a whole lot more.
The idea of structure in a business is for efficiency and effectiveness because it affects the safety of assets, fundraising, taxation, customer experience, governance, and engagements.
The smooth continuation of any business upon ownership change or succession and the financial information of the business is also affected by the structure in the business. Business requires structure chiefly for continuity, growth, and profitability.
In my view, the efficiency of a business can be measured by how well the business is structured. Therefore, for a business either large, small, or nano to fulfil its purpose and have a mechanism constructed to achieve the purpose, a functional structure has to be in place in the business.
More importantly, functional structure affects business operations in two ways. First, it provides the foundation on which standard operating procedures and routines rest.
Second, it determines which individuals get to participate in which decision – making processes, and thus to what extent their views shape the business operations.
To substantiate the perennial issue of informality and lack of structure among businesses, a survey was conducted on MSMEs in Lagos State, the commercial nerve centre of the country – (The computer village Ikeja, Alaba International Market, and within some market associations (Auto Spare Parts and Machinery Dealers-ASPAMDA and Balogun Business Association) to get more insights.
The survey revealed that a large percentage of close to 97.4 per cent of the respondents who are business owners and SME operators have organic structure (no accountant, no operating software, no technology usage, no rules, and procedures) in their businesses.
With the survey, a high number of poorly run businesses with little or no structure were identified and this is a huge challenge to business continuity.
Some of the issues they face as a result of this informality include high employee turnover, and hiring problems, low productivity, high number of low skilled staff, lack of bookkeeping, and in most cases no accounting or customer/sales data.
However, such data could be used to gain insights into sales, profitability, patronage, and for strategy, implementation to stay ahead of the competition.
More so with such data sets (business and customers) if available, it can help to identify areas of weakness and strength of the business and also ensure no part of the business operation or customer experience is overlooked.
With good structure, businesses can provide exceptional customer service experience and audited financial statements useful for government procurements, services and public contract qualifications.
For a business to have a good structure, these components; the board, the management, business goals, vision, operations, governance, accounting, bookkeeping, human resources, and technology usage have to be defined. Because they have a significant effect on the way the organisation performs its activities and if one component does not fit, the performance of the whole business will be hindered.
For instance, improper accounting systems and bookkeeping can result in financial disaster for a small business or even cause a business failure.
In addition, governance structures and leadership is equally important because it is the frameworks that can help businesses achieve long-term success for all their stakeholders.
Significantly, to improve the structure and efficiency of a business the most central formalisation tool available is the technology and the organizational chart.
We live in an age of high technology development in various sectors and industries, this increasingly improves the adoption of automation for businesses and is, therefore, a more logical way to support business structure. Business structure with technology will reduce operational cost; provides standardized procedure, accountability, and clear reporting among others.
For several reasons, large firms may have a comparative advantage over small businesses however mainly on business and organizational structure.
Nano, micro, and small businesses are poorly structured all across the country, therefore formality and adequate structure are advised for business sustainability and growth. It is also apparent that SME operators need to adopt good governance, prepare a financial statement as at when due, and keep proper records.
It will help such small businesses take other opportunities such as taking part in government services, procurements, Public-Private Partnership (PPP) and contract exercises.
Recall, the government is the biggest procurer of goods and services, operating in the public sector space should be a target, however, it requires adequate formality and structure. If this part of your business is sorted it will be easy to identify and qualify for opportunities within the government and public space. This can provide a leverage considering the current economic realities.
Other opportunities include raising funds in the capital market, attracting foreign direct investment, seeking a loan from the bank, and so on.
Raising long-term funds with low cost through the stock exchange should not be a daunting task for small businesses if a structure and good governance are in place.
In conclusion, to stem the tides of the effect of this current reality and harsh economic climate, businesses need to innovate from an organic structure to a functional structure and divide the organisation into units, based on their function.
When a business environment changes, the organisational strategy needs to change, structure, roles, objectives, and functions should realign with the new realities.
The big question is, has your business acted? If you have a structure, have you done a performance review or done a technology upgrade? If it becomes increasingly difficult to re-engineer or structure your business where necessary, the engagement of knowledgeable professionals can make a substantial impact on your business operations and for strategy advice. Good luck!
How may you obtain advice or further information on the article?
Dr Timi Olubiyi is an Entrepreneurship & Business Management expert with a PhD in Business Administration from Babcock University Nigeria. He is also a prolific investment coach, seasoned scholar, Chartered Member of the Chartered Institute for Securities & Investment (CISI), and Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) registered capital market operator. He can be reached on the Twitter handle @drtimiolubiyi and via email: drtimiolubiyi@gmail.com, for any questions, reactions, and comments.
Feature/OPED
President’s Katsina State Visit Exposes Disconnect from People’s Needs

By Abba Dukawa
The recent visit by the President Bola Tinubu to Katsina State has sparked concerns about the disconnect between the government’s priorities and the people’s needs. The visit exposed the hypocritical approach to the need of their people, states and the northern Nigeria as whole. The quality of leadership in the region has been questioned, with allegations of self serving interest, ineptitude, and a lack of vision.
This is in spite of the fact that northern Nigeria as a whole faces numerous challenges that threaten its stability and development. Some of the key issues include insecurity, poverty, education, economic hardship, inequality and social and cultural challenges. The visit has been seen as an opportunity missed to engage with the state’s residents, listen to their concerns, and chart a way forward for development.
While the visit was marked by displays of pageantry and entertainment, the state’s pressing issues such as insecurity, poverty, and economic hardship, seemed to take a backseat. Critics argue that the government’s focus on superficial events rather than addressing the root causes of the state’s challenges is a clear indication of a disconnect from the people’s needs.
The introduction of Rarara’s wife to the President by the Katsina State Governor, contravening cultural and religious norms, raise questions about leaders’ priorities and values.
Current leaders in the north seem more focused on personal interests and political survival than advocating for the northern Nigeria improvement.
Regardless of the challenges in the region the Governors keep praise for the President’s economic reforms, notwithstanding the region’s struggles, is concerning. economic reforms should lift people out of poverty, create jobs, and stimulate growth. If not yielding tangible benefits, they need reevaluation.
The north needs leaders prioritizing regional development and working towards a brighter future. Leaders understanding our region’s problems and committed to tackling them head-on are crucial. It’s time for a shift in approach, prioritizing people’s needs over personal interests.
As we move forward, we must demand more from our leaders. We need leaders who will stand up for the north and work tirelessly to find solutions. Anything less is a disservice to the region and its people.
We need leaders who cultivate a culture of good governance, prioritizing accountability and transparency to address insecurity and promote development.
The north needs a visionary leaders who prioritize all citizens’ needs, regardless of tribe or religion, are crucial for unity and stability.
Leaders who accelerate economic development, create jobs, and provide essential services like education and healthcare can reduce poverty and insecurity.
We require leaders who will combat corruption and promote social justice, reducing inequality and fostering stability.
In northern Nigeria, effective security reforms are necessary, including modernizing security agencies, enhancing intelligence gathering, and addressing insecurity’s root causes to ensure public safety.
To bridge the gap between the government and the people, there is a need for leaders who understand the intricacies of the state’s problems and are committed to tackling them head-on. By prioritizing the people’s needs and working towards sustainable development, the government can build trust and foster a sense of ownership among its citizens
May God guide Nigeria towards true development and prosperity.
Dukawa, a concerned Nigerian, can be reached at abbahydukawa@gmail.com
Feature/OPED
Changing University Climate: It’s No Longer “Publish or Perish,” It’s “Be Visible or Vanish”

By Timi Olubiyi, PhD
For decades, the expression “publish or perish” has been of interest to academics, researchers, and professionals worldwide. Success is measured by the total number of peer-reviewed articles published, conference proceedings available online, and book chapters produced and published.
Despite so much research stemming from academic institutions, not many of these publications enjoy wide visibility in particularly those published in non-indexed journals.
Academics are continuously encouraged to increase the impact of their research endeavours, but what really constitutes impact in today’s academic environment? Is it the number of citations for your published research? Is it the amount of research funds your name and profile can generate? Is it the number of speeches and presentations you deliver about your research area? Is it the number of boards/committees/working groups that you serve on? And so on.
Though in the academic world, publication signifies validation and survival in most universities for promotion and relevance; in fact, it remains a cornerstone of career advancement. From early-career lecturers to senior professors, scholarly publishing plays a pivotal role in demonstrating expertise, building reputation, and meeting institutional benchmarks for promotion.
However, in today’s hyper-connected, information-saturated environment, a compelling principle has emerged: “Visible or vanish.” In other words, it is not just what you publish; it is who sees it, talks about it, and shares it that matters. Today, there is a stronger emphasis on quality, impact, relevance, and where your articles are published.
Globally, publications in high-impact journals measured and indexed in Scopus, Web of Science, Australian Business Deans Council (ABDC), Chartered Association of Business Schools (ABS), Science Citation Index Expanded (SCIE), Social Sciences Citation Index (SSCI), Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ), and more are given serious emphasis.
The primary reason for academic publication should be to advance knowledge, not merely for promotion or institutional expectations. In the author’s opinion, the true reasons for academic publication are to help scholars establish their intellectual identity, which represents a personal academic brand, provide a platform for international recognition, and create career milestones.
Though the gatekeeping role in academia has diminished, this has created a market for predatory journals for academics aiming for promotion. What are predatory journals? They are journals that are fraudulent or unethical academic journals that pretend to be legitimate scholarly publications but do not follow proper peer-review standards, editorial practices, or have recognized indexation.
All they need is money, money and money, no values or integrity. Predatory journals prioritize profit over quality and can seriously harm the academic career of a scholar with a global vision.
Though academic publications still remain respected, considering indexation is key even for institution-based journals (Journals run by university departments). Publication remains the foundation of academic promotion, but how and where academics publish matters more than ever.In an academic environment that is increasingly competitive, interdisciplinary, and global, researchers must not only produce excellent work but also strategically position it for maximum visibility and influence.
Both academics and researchers must consider more than just publication because we have only two key roles in publishing- to do our research and to communicate the research; the latter is the focus of this piece. Our research needs to be noticed, cited, and discussed due to its impact, or we risk being completely overlooked.
Platforms like Google Scholar, ResearchGate, LinkedIn, Facebook groups, Twitter (now X), and even TikTok have become unexpected grounds for attention. Researchers who communicate their work beyond academic circles through public lectures and engaging online posts amplify their impact dramatically.
A highly cited, visible paper can transform careers far faster than a series of obscure journal articles ever could. Therefore, for relevance and global standards, a quality publication with visibility is required.
Visibility today means publication with recognition, a visibility that can connect researchers to a broader global academic community. It can also enhance career and funding opportunities beyond the immediate environment of the researcher.
When publication is executed correctly, it has the potential to create change beyond academic circles, influence policies, and shape professional practices. It can also raise public awareness on critical issues like climate change and inequality.
With millions of articles published annually, even excellent research can be buried unless actively promoted to make it widely visible. Good visibility can also improve invitations for collaborations, keynote addresses, consulting engagements, and even career pivots beyond academia. Visibility, thoughtfully pursued, is no longer optional; it is extremely important. It may also help fulfil deeply personal motivations.
However, remember that scholarly publishing is not a one-way communication. It should encourage and invite critique, discussion, and debate; that is what visibility can provide. Research that enjoysvisibility has a higher chance of influencing policy, industry practices, and public understanding
It is safe to say it is key for researchers, scholars and academics to navigate this new landscape.Visibility is increasingly vital in academia as it directly influences career progression, research significance, and the capacity to engage with a broader audience. Enhanced visibility can connect to opportunities for international research partnerships, funding, and new audiences globally.
In the current competitive academic environment, merely publishing research is insufficient; scholars must proactively advocate for their work and establish a robust online presence to guarantee visibility and media attention. In an era of increasing pressure to publish quickly and frequently, remembering these true reasons can help academics stay focused on purpose over performance, ensuring that their contributions are not only counted but truly matter.
Therefore, publish wisely, publish well, and publish with purpose, along with incredible consistency. In the contemporary technological era, the way research information is handled, conveyed, processed, shared, and maintained has changed.Therefore, my colleagues, be a thought leader, there is a need to gravitate towards social media because it can improve visibility and also to promote research findings or knowledge thereof. So, welcome to the era of visible or vanish. Good luck!
How may you obtain advice or further information on the article?
Dr Timi Olubiyi is an expert in entrepreneurship and business management, holding a PhD in Business Administration from Babcock University, Nigeria. He is a prolific investment coach, author, columnist,seasoned scholar, Chartered Member of the Chartered Institute for Securities and Investment (CISI), and a registered capital market operator with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). He can be reached on Twitter at @drtimiolubiyi and via email at drtimiolubiyi@gmail.com for any questions, reactions, and comments.
The opinions expressed in this article are those of the author, Dr. Timi Olubiyi, and do not necessarily reflect the views of others.
Feature/OPED
How Investments in Reskilling and Trust Help Businesses Succeed in the Agentic AI Era

By Linda Saunders
The ascent of agentic AI, systems that can perform tasks without human intervention, represents not just an incremental technological advancement but a fundamental reshaping of the business landscape. The possibilities for enhanced productivity and innovation are immense. Using AI agents, businesses around the world are unlocking a piece of the potential $6 trillion digital labor market opportunity.
Businesses that fail to adopt agentic AI, however, risk disruption by competitors or savvy upstarts. This demands a proactive and strategic response from leaders. In this new era of human-AI collaboration, leaders must center their efforts around two key pillars: large-scale employee reskilling and establishing a trustworthy AI ecosystem.
Reskilling for the agentic AI era
With just 15% of workers saying that they have the education and training necessary to use AI effectively, reskilling must be a priority for every business leader.
Employees must be given access to learning opportunities so they can adopt human-AI collaboration skills, including a foundational understanding of agentic AI and prompt engineering — a way to provide clear and effective instructions to AI systems.
Consider, for instance, the evolving role of developers. With AI agents capable of handling routine coding, developers can focus on bigger-picture tasks like system design and future planning.
According to Salesforce’s latest State of IT survey of software development leaders, more than nine in 10 developers are excited about AI’s impact on their careers, and an overwhelming 96% expect it to change the developer experience for the better. More than four in five believe AI agents will become as essential to app development as traditional software tools, the survey found.
In addition to technical abilities, cultivating human and business skills is vital for fostering a trusted environment where teams feel comfortable experimenting with AI. And, as every employee increasingly manages individual or even teams of agents, developing basic managerial skills across the workforce will become increasingly important.
Identifying the skills is just the first step. To succeed in the agentic AI era, businesses need to develop a comprehensive strategy that incorporates these skills into their workforce plan. This includes setting clear, measurable goals and actively tracking progress.
Managers need to provide active guidance and support to employees throughout this transformation, ensuring the workforce remains relevant and engaged.
Adopting trusted AI across the ecosystem
As the capabilities of agents grow, so too does the responsibility to manage associated risks. It’s imperative to ensure these systems are fair and prevent stereotypes or alienation. The very qualities that make AI transformative can also lead to biases and erode trust if not managed.
To fully harness the potential of agentic AI, businesses must prioritize trust and safety at every stage of development and deployment. This means implementing strong security measures and adhering to ethical AI practices to safeguard data and ensure responsible use.
Guardrails for AI agents can be established using natural language topics and instructions specifying when an agent should escalate or transfer a task to a human. Concerns around data privacy and potential biases must be proactively addressed through strong data protection protocols and transparent communication.
Equally important are tools that foster transparency and empower users to make informed decisions regarding task delegation to AI. Employees need a clear understanding of the capabilities and limitations of the AI agents they collaborate with, alongside having control over the tasks being automated.
A key feature of Agentforce is its capacity for autonomous operation within specifically defined guardrails. This means that while AI agents can operate independently, making decisions and taking actions, they do so within boundaries established by human teams, ensuring alignment with business objectives and policies. The Einstein Trust Layer enables Agentforce to use any LLM safely by ensuring that no Salesforce data is viewed or retained by third-party model providers.
The power of reskilling and trust to drive innovation
The transition to an AI-powered future will bring challenges, particularly ensuring employees have access to the right infrastructure, high-quality data, and relevant skills.
However, by investing in reskilling and comprehensive training programs, organizations can empower teams to work effectively alongside AI agents, adapt to the evolving nature of work, and ultimately drive innovation in this age of digital labor.
Building a robust infrastructure that prioritizes trust and safety, and fosters transparency, will also be instrumental in mitigating disruptions and unlocking new opportunities for growth.
Ultimately, investing in both AI agents and human employees, and actively fostering their collaboration in a trusted way, will enable businesses to operate at scale and realize their full potential in the agentic AI era.
Linda Saunders is the Country Manager and Senior Director of Solution Engineering for Africa at Salesforce
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