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Nigeria’s Fintech Freeze: A Pause to Secure the Future?

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By Elue Precious

Remember when accessing financial services meant battling long queues at brick-and-mortar banks? Nigeria’s fintech revolution promised to change that, offering a wave of convenience, and inclusion. However, the Central Bank of Nigeria’s (CBN) recent directives throw a curveball. With new customer sign-ups frozen at some fintech companies, is the dream of a frictionless financial future fading?

The CBN issued a directive in April 2024 to several fintech companies, including Kuda Bank, OPay, Palmpay, and Moniepoint, halting them from onboarding new customers until further notice.

News sources report the CBN directive to be linked to allegations of illicit foreign exchange transactions perpetrated through these fintech companies, for which the Economic and Financial Crimes Commission (EFCC) have frozen accounts suspected of such activity.

Such reports also linked the CBN directive to an audit of the Know-Your-Customer (KYC) processes of the affected fintech companies. In December 2023, the CBN mandated stricter KYC rules, requiring ID cards for account creation. This appeared to contradict a 2013 rule promoting financial inclusion that allowed Nigerians to open accounts without them.

Some of the affected FinTech companies argue that a significant portion of illegal forex activity likely happens through traditional banks, raising concerns about the fairness of targeting FinTech specifically. They argue that the temporary halt in their onboarding process unfairly restricts their operations while potentially overlooking similar issues with the traditional banks.

Also, the fintechs have been proactive in implementing the KYC measures.

The impact of this directive is multifaceted. Aisha, a young entrepreneur in Lagos, dreamt of using a fintech app to oversee her business finances. But her plans were abruptly halted by the CBN’s new directive. Prospective customers just like Aisha are unable to open new accounts and access these innovative financial services.

The affected Fintech companies face potential losses in business opportunities and stifled growth. With no new customers to onboard, these fintech companies might experience a decline in revenue. This could force them to lay off employees, reduce services, or increase fees to compensate for the revenue downfall.

The recent CBN directive has heightened scrutiny of KYC compliance in the fintech sector. Fintech companies are likely to be implementing stricter KYC procedures to ensure they meet the CBN’s regulations. This could make it harder for the unbanked population to access financial services offered by fintech companies. This could be a significant setback for the CBN’s previous efforts to promote financial inclusion in Nigeria.

Payment fraud is an industry-wide challenge, and fintechs are under increased scrutiny despite banks having a majority of implicated accounts.

The extent of evidence against the accused fintech companies still remains unclear.

However, there are potential positive effects of the directives if implemented strategically. With the aim to stop money laundering and illegal forex transactions through fintech platforms,  the CBN’s directives can help enhance financial security in Nigeria.

Also, CBN’s concern for the KYCs implemented by the financial institutions should act as a reminder to these fintech firms to have strong KYC procedures in place.

What is the way forward?

The CBN’s directive on onboarding new customers in Nigeria fintech is a complex issue with significant implications. Although it is important to tackle illicit financial activities, it is also essential to find a solution that is both effective and promotes a healthy and inclusive financial sector.

A collaborative approach involving the CBN, fintech companies, and relevant regulatory bodies is necessary to find a sustainable solution that safeguards financial security while fostering innovation and financial inclusion in Nigeria. Also, there should be clear communication from CBN regarding the timeline of the investigation, the criteria for lifting the freeze and future regulations.

The future of Nigerian fintech remains uncertain. Will the CBN’s directive mark a temporary setback or a more significant shift in policy? The coming months will be crucial in determining the path forward for this vital sector of the Nigerian economy.

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CBN Delists Non-Compliant Bureaux De Change Operators

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By Adedapo Adesanya

The operating licences of all legacy Bureau De Change (BDC) operators who failed to meet the new licensing requirements have been revoked by the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN).

This happened after the central bank streamlined the BDCs to 82 in order to sanitise the foreign exchange (FX) market in the country.

The latest development was revealed by the apex bank in its Frequently Asked Questions document on the current reform of the bureau de change, published on its website on Tuesday.

According to the document, the CBN has now enforced the final cutoff, declaring that any BDC that did not meet the requirements by the end of November is no longer recognised.

“The guidelines provided a transition timeline of six months from the effective date, 3 June 2024, with a deadline of 3 December 2024, for all existing BDCs to meet the requirement of the new Guidelines or lose their licence(s). However, the management of the CBN graciously extended this deadline by another six months, which ended 3 June 2025, to give ample time for as many legacy BDCs desirous of meeting the new requirements to do so.

“Consequently, any legacy BDC that failed to meet the requirements of the new Guidelines as of 30 November 2025 has ceased to be a BDC, as its licence no longer exists. Please visit the CBN website for the updated list of existing BDCs in Nigeria,” the apex bank said.

According to the CBN, before its latest decision, an extended compliance window was granted under the revised BDC Guidelines. Existing operators were initially given six months, June 3 to December 3, 2024, to satisfy the new regulatory conditions.

The CBN later granted an additional six-month extension, which elapsed on June 3, 2025, to allow more operators to align with the updated standards.

The new measures form part of broader efforts by the CBN to strengthen transparency, compliance, and stability within Nigeria’s foreign exchange market.

The new CBN regulatory framework for BDCs, introduced in February 2024, mandated BDC operators to meet higher capital requirements. Tier-1 operators are required to meet a minimum capital requirement of N2bn, while Tier-2 operators must meet N500m as MCR.

The bank added that it would continue to receive applications on its Licensing, Approval and Requests Portal from prospective promoters, and those that meet the criteria will be considered for a license.

However, the CBN said it reserves the right to discontinue the licensing of BDCs at any time.

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O3 Capital to Unlock N95bn Festive Spending Boom With Blink Card

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03 Capital Blink Card

By Modupe Gbadeyanka

A non-bank credit card issuer, 03 Capital, has introduced a travel card designed to unlock the N95 billion festive spending boom in Nigeria.

The new initiative, known as the 03 Capital Blink Travel Card, promotes economic participation among returning Nigerians, expatriates, and tourists.

A statement from the financial technology (fintech) firm is available instantly to use at over 40 million merchants and ATMs nationwide.

The Blink Card, to be issued in both digital and physical form, is loaded with currency from any foreign bank card, converted to Naira, enabling transactions to be completed in the local currency.

The card offers tap-to-pay and cash withdrawals at over 40 million merchants and ATMs nationwide, making it the ideal solution for visitors to Nigeria.

It also avails Nigerians in the Diaspora to spend like locals when they return to their country of origin.

Payments for goods and services can be completed via the virtual Blink Card, linked to the O3Cards app. Funds can also be transferred instantly to all local banks and other financial institutions.

According to the World Bank, remittance inflows account for approximately 5.6 per cent of Nigeria’s gross domestic product (GDP), and the resultant spending power is unlocked when the Diaspora returns home for the festive period.

In December 2024, about N95 billion was injected into the Nigerian economy by inbound passengers – 90 per cent being diasporic Nigerians – spending on short-let accommodation and hotels, events and hospitality, nightlife and dining, and vehicle rentals.  The launch of the Blink Card promises to spur this spending further, providing a significant boost to local businesses.

Blink Cards are available for collection at all Nigerian international airports, offering an immediate and hassle-free route to financial empowerment for people arriving in the country.

Blink Card carriers benefit from increased convenience, flexibility, and safety by not needing to carry large amounts of physical cash, while the ability to pre-load cards promotes smarter budgeting practices.

“We are excited to launch the Blink Card to promote greater economic participation among visitors to Nigeria.

“The card removes the needless friction and costs involved in legacy foreign exchange and cash payment processes, offering a quicker and more transparent option for spending in the country.

“As Nigerians begin travelling home for Christmas – combined with the regular traffic of arriving tourists, expatriates, and businesspeople – this is the perfect time to launch a solution catering to the financial needs of visitors, tapping into the seasonal spending boom which provides an annual lifeline for local economies and SMEs,” the chief executive of 03 Capital, Abimbola Pinheiro, stated.

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Interswitch Champions Dialogue on Alternative Credit Scoring for Underserved

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Alternative Credit Scoring for Underserved

By Modupe Gbadeyanka

Technology leaders from across Nigeria’s digital finance ecosystem recently converged on Eko Convention Centre in Lagos to explore pathways for expanding credit access to underserved communities.

It platform for this was the 2025 Committee of e-Business Industry Heads (CeBIH) Annual Conference themed Reimagining Financial Inclusion through Cultural Shifts in Consumer Credit. Interswitch was a returning gold sponsor.

At a high-impact panel session titled Alternative Credit Scoring for the Underserved, moderated by Wunmi Ogunbiyi of the CeBIH Advisory Council, the Divisional Head of Product Management and Solution Delivery at Verve International, a subsidiary of Interswitch Group, Mr Ademola Adeniran, examined how alternative data and digital intelligence can unlock credit for millions excluded by conventional financial models.

“For us, this conversation goes beyond technology. It is about designing credit systems that truly reflect African realities.

“Millions transact daily outside traditional banking frameworks, and alternative credit scoring enables us to recognise that economic activity and responsibly convert it into access to finance.

“At Verve and Interswitch, we are committed to building the digital infrastructure that makes this inclusion scalable and sustainable,” Mr Adeniran stated.

Also, the Vice President for Sales and Account Management, Digital Infrastructure and Managed Services at Interswitch Systegra, Ms Robinta Aluyi, stressed the importance of African-led solutions in addressing the continent’s financial challenges, noting that sustainable progress must be rooted in local realities.

Interswitch’s strength, she said, lies in the fact that it was built on the continent, for the continent, with solutions designed to serve individuals, small businesses, enterprises, and government institutions across every layer of the payment value chain.

She also emphasized the company’s purpose-driven approach to building the infrastructure that powers Africa’s digital economy and enabling secure money movement on a scale.

“Interswitch helps people navigate their daily lives with greater ease. We make transactions flow safely and reliably. We do this by connecting banks, supporting secure and reliable payments, and strengthening the entire value chain of digital finance.

“Today, we hold a significant portion of the market, and that achievement reflects the deep trust our banking and fintech partners place in our platforms. We continue to deliver because the ecosystem has worked with us every step of the way,” Ms Aliyu said.

There were also contributions from Munachimso Duru, Head, Products, Partnership and Innovation, Afrigopay Financial Services Limited; Damola Giwa, Country Manager, Visa West Africa; Nike Kolawole, representing Aisha Abdullahi, Executive Director, Credit and Portfolio Management, CREDICORP; and Ifeanyi Chukuwekem, Head, Corporate Strategy Department, eTranzact, offering a broad industry perspective on the future of responsible credit delivery.

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