By Adedapo Adesanya
The Fiscal Policy Partner and Africa Tax Leader at consultancy giant, PwC, Mr Taiwo Oyedele, has said the exchange rate convergence in Nigeria would translate to a significant rise in government debt in Naira terms by about N12 trillion to N90 trillion.
In a social media post, the tax expert said with the Naira now exchanging with the US Dollar market-determined rates across the market segments, a significant market distortion has been removed.
He added this would come with both positive and negative implications, noting that the country’s external debt at $42 billion, according to the Debt Management Office (DMO), will increase by the difference between the old and new rates.
He stated that this would also raise the nation’s debt-to-GDP ratio by about 5 per cent, with a corresponding increase in debt service cost with respect to foreign debt service.
Currently, Nigeria services debt with about 96 per cent of its earning, meaning for every N1 it earns, 96 Kobo is used to pay interest to its debtors.
He also noted that this would translate to an increase in government revenue in Naira terms resulting in a higher tax/revenue to GDP ratio.
However, “Corporate tax collection may, however, decline as many businesses crystallize forex losses due to the higher exchange rate,” he warned, adding that the collapse of the multiple rates regime, as instructed by multilateral lenders, could lead to a possible reduction in the budget deficit.
This will occur if the government’s forex revenue exceeds foreign currency obligations. On the flip side, an increase in budget deficit will arise.
For the average Nigerian, petrol prices will rise in the coming days as the pump price of petrol could inch closer to the current pump price of diesel, which is already deregulated.
He advised that there should be some cost savings as government discontinues the various fx interventions —Naira4Dollar and RT200 Rebate Scheme — which cost tens of billions of Naira, stressing that Nigeria must attract fx inflows, especially from portfolio investors, FDI and exporters proceeds.
“Impact on diaspora remittances would be marginal,” he predicted.
He also noted that the capital market would benefit as it is likely to appreciate further as foreign investors take position. The Nigerian stock market had appreciated on Monday and Tuesday but eased multi-year highs on Wednesday.
“There should be negligible impact on the general prices of goods and services as products already factored in parallel market rates to a large extent,” he added.
He tasked that while the move was positive, the Bola Tinubu administration needed to manage the dynamics to restore confidence.
“The backlog of forex demands needs to be addressed, and government should be ready to supply forex to stabilise the exchange rate in the short term.”
He further advised them to relax capital control and administrative bottlenecks, including unbanning the list of items prohibited for fx (and complementing with higher import duties).
He also advised the removal of the need for a certificate of capital importation to prevent the parallel market rate from simply moving further away from the official market rate.
“Stop the demand for certain taxes and levies in foreign currency, it creates unnecessary fx demand without adding to supply.
“The aggregate demand for fx across markets should reduce as a round-tripping incentive is removed, for instance, people who fake foreign travels just to get FX at discounted rates.
“Also, Nigeria’s sovereign credit rating should improve if this is complemented with the right fiscal and monetary policies, thereby attracting more fx inflows and lowering the cost of borrowing,” he added.
Modupe Gbadeyanka