Economy
Moving Towards Debt Sustainability
By FSDH Research
The drop in government’s revenue in the face of the rising government expenditure has led to an increase in Nigeria’s public debt (external and domestic debt).
Consequently, the ratio of debt service-to-revenue has reached unsustainable levels. The Debt Management Office (DMO) in its 2016 Debt Sustainability Analysis (DSA) report notes that the debt service-to-revenue ratio (external and domestic debt service) of the Federal Government of Nigeria (FGN), excluding states and local governments breached the country’s specific threshold of 28%.
However, the FGN is taking steps towards debt sustainability by diversifying its debt profile through the issuance of the FGN Savings Bond, Diaspora Bond and Sukuk.
Additionally, the DMO disclosed that the FGN plans to refinance domestic debt, particularly the high cost Nigerian Treasury Bills (NTB) by issuing US$3bn in foreign debt of longer tenor. The planned refinancing is in line with the debt management strategy of the FGN for 2016-2019, with the overall objective of reducing its total cost of borrowing to achieve the country’s strategic target of an optimal debt mix of 60% and 40% for domestic and external debts, respectively.
Our analysis of the data from the DMO as at June 2017 shows that Nigeria’s total debt stock stood at N19.64trn, representing an increase of 13.12% from the December 2016 figure of N17.36trn.
A breakdown of the debt stock shows that external debt accounted for 23.44% (N4.60trn), while domestic debt stock accounted for 76.56% (N15.03trn).
If the DMO were to move the external debt position as at June 2017 to the planned optimal level of 40%, it means that it would have to refinance N3.25trn of the local debt in favour of the external debt.
Looking at the FGN’s debt structure, the domestic debt component stood at N12.03trn as at June 2017. NTB, which is the short-term debt, accounted for 30.77% or N3.70trn of the domestic debt of the FGN. This is higher than the target of 25% under the debt management strategy.
Consequently, the FGN is likely to replace the short-term debt with long-term debt to achieve its debt structure target. The planned restructuring of the debt stock of the FGN will result in a reduction in the average weighted cost of borrowing.
This reduction in the cost of borrowing will be as a result of lower interest rates in the international market and a reduction in the holdings of high cost NTBs.
The average yield on the 364-Day NTB from January till September 20, 2017 is 22.50% compared with the average yield on the FGN 6.375% July 2023 Eurobond of 5.85%.
Following the FSDH Research report issued on August 28, 2017 titled “A Drop in the Nigerian Treasury Bills Yield Imminent” the yield on the 364-Day NTB dropped from 22.72% in August 30, 2017 to 20.47% on September 21, 2017. The yield on the FGN Bond has also dropped in the market.
The total amount of domestic debt service in 2016 stood at N1.20trn and represents 58% of the federal allocation disbursed to the FGN. As at June 2017, the total domestic debt service stood at N684.45bn, representing 62% of the total FGN allocation of N1.10trn for the period. This represents an improvement from total domestic debt service as at March 2017, which stood at N449bn representing 82% of the total FGN allocation for the period.
We note that FGN revenue has been challenged in the last two years on account of the drop in oil revenue.
Furthermore, the fact that a significant part of government revenue goes towards interest payments means that little revenue is left for the government to undertake capital projects. The FGN needs to improve critical infrastructure in the country to increase the competitiveness of the economy to attract investments and maintain economic growth.
This effort coupled with the current tax reform of the FGN, will increase revenue accrued to the government and improve the debt service-to-revenue ratio. As the yields on the FGN securities continue to drop there will be opportunities for more activities in the corporate bond market.
Economy
Guinness Nigeria Shareholders to Pocket N4.38bn Interim Dividend for Q1’26
By Aduragbemi Omiyale
Shareholders of Guinness Nigeria Plc will share about N4.38 billion as an interim dividend for the first quarter of 2026, the board has disclosed.
This cash reward amounts to N2.00 per share, as the company has shares outstanding of 2,190,382,819 on the floor of the Nigerian Exchange (NGX) Limited.
The brewer stated that the interim dividend would be paid to investors whose names appear on the register of members as of the close of business on April 20, 2026.
The dividend payout is being proposed following the sustained profitability reflected in the unaudited financial results of the company in the first three months of this year and its “strong performance in FY 2025.”
It would be “paid from distributable profits in accordance with Sections 426–428 of the Companies and Allied Matters Act (CAMA) 2020.”
Analysis of the performance of the brewery giant between January and March 2026 showed that revenue grew by 4 per cent on a year-on-year basis to N122.77 billion from N118.34 billion in the same period of last year, while the gross profit contracted to N43.48 billion from N44.52 billion due to prevailing cost pressures within the operating environment.
The company’s operating profit also shrank to N17.18 billion from N18.00 billion in the first quarter of 2025 due to elevated marketing & distribution costs and administrative expenses.
However, the reduction in net finance costs to N1.43 billion from N7.72 billion in Q1 of 2025 helped the organisation to grow its post-tax profit to N10.39 billion in the period under review versus the N7.03 billion recorded in the corresponding period of last year.
Economy
Right Institutional Structures Critical to Unlocking Sustainable Growth—Kwairanga
By Aduragbemi Omiyale
The chairman of the Nigerian Exchange (NGX) Group Plc, Mr Umaru Kwairanga, says enabling entrepreneurship requires more than access to funding.
He said this at a workshop held in Kano under the theme Unlocking Growth – Harnessing the Capital Market for SME Growth.
The event was organisation by the NGX in partnership with the Bank of Industry (BoI) as part of their financing advocacy.
Mr Kwairanga noted that the right institutional structures and market platforms are critical to unlocking sustainable growth.
“Kano provides a fitting backdrop for this engagement, not only as a historic commercial hub but as a gateway to significant untapped potential. The priority is to connect that potential to capital and the frameworks required for long-term growth,” he stated.
The programme was put together to integrate small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) into Nigeria’s formal capital market.
The Kano workshop follows the inaugural edition held in Lagos last year, signalling a more structured push by both institutions to bridge the gap between Nigeria’s SME ecosystem and long-term capital.
Participants were equipped with insights on financing pathways, governance structures, and long-term growth strategies within the capital market.
On his part, the chief executive of NGX Limited, Mr Jude Chiemeka, emphasised the central role of SMEs in strengthening market depth and resilience, noting that recent market performance continues to reflect investor confidence despite macroeconomic pressures.
“Through initiatives like this, we are demystifying the capital market and demonstrating that with the right structure and governance, SMEs can access capital to scale sustainably,” he said.
An Executive Director for MSME at BOI, Mr Oluwatoyin Ahmed Edu, said the bank remains focused on bridging financing gaps for businesses that may not yet meet listing requirements.
“Where viable enterprises require capacity building before accessing the market, BOI is positioned to provide the necessary support to prepare them for that transition,” he noted.
Delivering remarks on behalf of the Emir of Kano, Mr Shehu Muhammed Dankade highlighted the region’s strong entrepreneurial base, particularly the growing participation of women-led businesses, describing it as a signal of resilience and economic potential.
The workshop featured detailed presentations from NGX on listing requirements, corporate governance, and the use of the NGX Growth Board as a platform for raising long-term capital.
It also created space for direct engagement with SME operators across Northern Nigeria, offering insights into their challenges, growth ambitions, and readiness to access structured financing.
The initiative aligns with NGX Group’s broader strategy to position SMEs as a critical engine of economic growth, while strengthening the institutional pathways that enable businesses to transition from informal operations to investment-ready enterprises.
Economy
Spike in Energy Prices Raises Nigeria’s Inflation to 15.38% in March
By Adedapo Adesanya
Nigeria’s inflation rate increased in March 2026 to 15.38 per cent from 15.1o per cent in February, data from the National Bureau of Statistics showed on Wednesday.
The Consumer Price Index (CPI) increased to 135.4 in March 2026, higher than the 130.0 in the preceding month by 5.4 points. The spike was likely stoked by the US-Israeli war on Iran, that’s pushed up the cost of fuel and has had a ripple effect in other areas.
At 15.38 per cent, the inflation numbers beat expectations of analysts at Meristem Research, which projected that the inflation rate in Nigeria for the month should come in at 13.59 per cent, after the price of crude oil on the global market soared as a result of the war in Iran, with prices of items growing in Nigeria.
The March 2026 headline inflation rate showed an increase of 0.32 per cent compared to the February 2026 headline inflation rate. However, on a month-on-month basis, the headline inflation rate in March 2026 was 4.18 per cent, which was 2.17 per cent higher than the rate recorded in February 2026 at 2.01 per cent.
This means that last month, the rate of increase in the average price level was higher than the rate of increase in the average price level a month earlier.
Food inflation rate in the review month stood at 14.31 per cent on a year-on-year basis versus 25.22 per cent in the same month of last year. However, on a month-on-month basis, the food inflation rate in March 2026 was 4.17 per cent, which is 0.52 per cent lower than the 4.69 per cent achieved in February 2026.
According to the stats office, “This can be attributed to the rate of change in the average prices of the following products: Yam, Ginger (Fresh), Cassava Tuber, Groundnuts (Shelled), Irish Potatoes, Avenger (Ogbono/Apon) – Dried Ungrinded, Tomatoes (fresh), Cassava Flour sold loose, etc.”
The average annual rate of food inflation for the twelve months ending March 2026 over the previous twelve-month average was 18.21 per cent, which was 17.81 per cent lower than the average annual rate of change recorded in March 2025 at 36.02 per cent.
On a year-on-year basis, in March 2026, the urban inflation rate was 14.64 per cent, and 3.16 per cent on a month-on-month basis, which is 0.61 per cent higher than the 2.55 per cent in February 2026.
As for the rural inflation rate, it was 17.22 per cent in the month under consideration and on a month-on-month basis, it stood at 6.73 per cent versus 0.71 per cent a month earlier.
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