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Moving Towards Debt Sustainability

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external debt service

By FSDH Research

The drop in government’s revenue in the face of the rising government expenditure has led to an increase in Nigeria’s public debt (external and domestic debt).

Consequently, the ratio of debt service-to-revenue has reached unsustainable levels. The Debt Management Office (DMO) in its 2016 Debt Sustainability Analysis (DSA) report notes that the debt service-to-revenue ratio (external and domestic debt service) of the Federal Government of Nigeria (FGN), excluding states and local governments breached the country’s specific threshold of 28%.

However, the FGN is taking steps towards debt sustainability by diversifying its debt profile through the issuance of the FGN Savings Bond, Diaspora Bond and Sukuk.

Additionally, the DMO disclosed that the FGN plans to refinance domestic debt, particularly the high cost Nigerian Treasury Bills (NTB) by issuing US$3bn in foreign debt of longer tenor. The planned refinancing is in line with the debt management strategy of the FGN for 2016-2019, with the overall objective of reducing its total cost of borrowing to achieve the country’s strategic target of an optimal debt mix of 60% and 40% for domestic and external debts, respectively.

Our analysis of the data from the DMO as at June 2017 shows that Nigeria’s total debt stock stood at N19.64trn, representing an increase of 13.12% from the December 2016 figure of N17.36trn.

A breakdown of the debt stock shows that external debt accounted for 23.44% (N4.60trn), while domestic debt stock accounted for 76.56% (N15.03trn).

If the DMO were to move the external debt position as at June 2017 to the planned optimal level of 40%, it means that it would have to refinance N3.25trn of the local debt in favour of the external debt.

Looking at the FGN’s debt structure, the domestic debt component stood at N12.03trn as at June 2017. NTB, which is the short-term debt, accounted for 30.77% or N3.70trn of the domestic debt of the FGN. This is higher than the target of 25% under the debt management strategy.

Consequently, the FGN is likely to replace the short-term debt with long-term debt to achieve its debt structure target. The planned restructuring of the debt stock of the FGN will result in a reduction in the average weighted cost of borrowing.

This reduction in the cost of borrowing will be as a result of lower interest rates in the international market and a reduction in the holdings of high cost NTBs.

The average yield on the 364-Day NTB from January till September 20, 2017 is 22.50% compared with the average yield on the FGN 6.375% July 2023 Eurobond of 5.85%.

Following the FSDH Research report issued on August 28, 2017 titled “A Drop in the Nigerian Treasury Bills Yield Imminent” the yield on the 364-Day NTB dropped from 22.72% in August 30, 2017 to 20.47% on September 21, 2017. The yield on the FGN Bond has also dropped in the market.

The total amount of domestic debt service in 2016 stood at N1.20trn and represents 58% of the federal allocation disbursed to the FGN. As at June 2017, the total domestic debt service stood at N684.45bn, representing 62% of the total FGN allocation of N1.10trn for the period. This represents an improvement from total domestic debt service as at March 2017, which stood at N449bn representing 82% of the total FGN allocation for the period.

We note that FGN revenue has been challenged in the last two years on account of the drop in oil revenue.

Furthermore, the fact that a significant part of government revenue goes towards interest payments means that little revenue is left for the government to undertake capital projects. The FGN needs to improve critical infrastructure in the country to increase the competitiveness of the economy to attract investments and maintain economic growth.

This effort coupled with the current tax reform of the FGN, will increase revenue accrued to the government and improve the debt service-to-revenue ratio. As the yields on the FGN securities continue to drop there will be opportunities for more activities in the corporate bond market.

Modupe Gbadeyanka is a fast-rising journalist with Business Post Nigeria. Her passion for journalism is amazing. She is willing to learn more with a view to becoming one of the best pen-pushers in Nigeria. Her role models are the duo of CNN's Richard Quest and Christiane Amanpour.

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Economy

Nigeria’s Inflation Outlook Improves as US-Iran Tensions Ease

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By Adedapo Adesanya

Easing tensions between the US and Iran in the Middle East is expected to offer more respite to the Nigerian economy in the coming months.

Analysts at Comercio Partners noted in a report that there is an increased likelihood of a gradual moderation in inflation from July into the third quarter of 2026.

The analysts opined that the near-term outlook for inflation “has become less tilted to the upside” following the peace deal reached by the warring parties in the Middle East conflict and the sharp decline in global oil prices.

The report read in part: “May inflation data showed that price pressures remain sticky, but the near-term outlook has become less tilted to the upside following the peace deal and the sharp decline in global oil prices.

“Headline inflation rose to 15.93 per cent year-on-year from 15.69 per cent in April, while food inflation climbed to 16.96 per cent and core inflation increased to 16.82 per cent, suggesting that both food and underlying non-food price pressures remain elevated.

“However, the easing in crude oil prices below $85/bbl reduces the risk of a renewed energy-led inflation shock. This is important for Nigeria, where fuel, diesel, transport, logistics, and food distribution costs are key channels through which global energy prices feed into domestic inflation.

“If lower oil prices are sustained and domestic fuel prices remain stable or decline, pressure on transport and production costs should gradually ease.”

It noted that in June, inflation may remain sticky because the pass-through of lower oil prices to consumer prices is unlikely to be immediate.

It added that food prices remain elevated, and core inflation picked up month-on-month in May, indicating that underlying price pressures have not fully faded. According to the National Bureau of Statistics (NBS), the inflation rate on a month-on-month basis was 1.75 per cent, which was 0.39 per cent lower than the rate recorded in April 2026 (2.13 per cent).

“However, the balance of risks has shifted. The likelihood of another sharp energy-driven acceleration has reduced, while the probability of gradual moderation from July into Q3 has improved.”

The analysts said in the report that while the latest CPI data, “still supports a cautious tone across rates and fixed income, as annual headline, food, and core inflation all moved higher in May,” the decline in oil prices gives the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) “more room to maintain a wait-and-see stance rather than respond aggressively to external energy-price risks, provided domestic prices begin to reflect the easing in global crude markets.”

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Economy

All On Invests $1m in Eja-Ice Nigeria Limited to Strengthen Cold-Chain Infrastructure in Off-Grid Markets

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All One Eja-Ice Nigeria Limited

All On, an impact investing company focused on expanding access to renewable energy solutions in Nigeria, has announced a $1 million investment in Eja-Ice Nigeria Limited, a provider of solar-powered refrigeration and cold chain infrastructure.

The investment will support Eja-Ice’s manufacturing and operational scale-up as the company enters its next phase of growth. It is expected to enable the expansion of its cold-chain solutions and improve access to reliable cooling services for households, small businesses, and institutions operating in off-grid and weak-grid environments.

Access to dependable cold storage remains a significant constraint across Nigeria, particularly in coastal and rural communities where limited energy infrastructure contributes to post-harvest losses and income instability for small-scale agro-producers.

By delivering energy-efficient refrigeration systems, Eja-Ice is helping to address these challenges while supporting the preservation of perishable goods and strengthening local value chains.

“All On’s investment in Eja-Ice reflects our approach of supporting solutions that improve energy access while enhancing livelihoods, reducing costs, and enabling businesses to grow. Strengthening cold-chain infrastructure is an important step towards building more resilient local economies and expanding opportunities in underserved markets,” the chief executive of All On, Ms Caroline Eboumbou, commented on the investment.

Eja-Ice’s integrated cold-chain model allows for greater control over product design, operational efficiency, and service delivery, ensuring that its solutions are tailored to the needs of underserved markets. The company’s systems are already supporting micro enterprises, cooperatives, and community-level infrastructure, particularly in areas where reliable electricity remains limited.

Also commenting, the founder and chief executive of Eja-Ice Nigeria Limited, Mr Yusuf Bilesanmi, said, “This capital raise is a huge step forward in our vision to power homes and businesses with products designed, assembled, and optimised right here on the continent. It’s not just about access to electricity—it’s about dignity, productivity, and opportunity for the over 600 million people across sub-Saharan Africa who are still off-grid.”

Through this investment, All On continues to advance its mission of closing Nigeria’s energy access gap by supporting the renewable energy ecosystem and businesses that deliver sustainable, market-driven solutions.

All One Eja-Ice Nigeria Limited $1m

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Economy

First Holdco Lists N45bn Private Placement Shares on Stock Exchange

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By Aduragbemi Omiyale

Shares of First Holdco Plc worth N45.0 billion issued through a private placement have been listed on the Nigerian Exchange (NGX) Limited.

A circular issued by the Head of Issuer Regulation Department of the NGX Regulation Limited, Mr Godstime Iwenekhai, disclosed that the equities were admitted for trading at the stock market on Monday.

According to the notice, the additional shares brought for listing to rank pari passu with existing shares of the organisation were 1,021,334,544 units.

These stocks were sold to one of the company’s major shareholders at a unit price of N44.06, amounting to N45.0 billion.

The total issued and fully paid-up shares of First Holdco, as a result of this listing, are now 45,475,027,677 ordinary shares of 50 Kobo each.

“Trading licence holders are hereby notified that an additional 1,021,334,544 ordinary shares of 50 Kobo each of First Holdco Plc were on Monday, June 22, 2026, listed on the daily official list of Nigerian Exchange Limited.

“The additional shares listed on NGX arose from the company’s private placement of 1,021,334,544 ordinary shares of 50 Kobo each at N44.06 per share.

“With the listing of the additional shares, the total issued and fully paid-up shares of First Holdco Plc have now increased to 45,475,027,677 ordinary shares of 50 Kobo each from 44,453,693,133 ordinary shares of 50 Kobo each,” the disclosure stated.

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