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Nigeria Needs Full Tax Reform—IMF

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VAT Nigeria Tax hike

By Dipo Olowookere

The International Monetary Fund (IMF) has advised Nigeria to embark on a full Value Added Tax (VAT) reform.

With this in place, according to the global lending firm, the country’s economy would be on the way to full recovery.

The lender’s Mission Chief for Nigeria, African Department, Mr Amine Mati, who was a guest at the 2017 Chartered Institute of Bankers of Nigeria (CIBN) Investiture in Lagos last weekend, said government must raise taxes where necessary, especially on luxury items.

According to Mr Mati, the Federal Government must broaden its VAT system by revisiting exemptions.

At the event themed ‘Coherent set of Policies for Greater Exchange Rate Flexibility, the IMF chief in Nigeria said government should consider cancelling tax holidays and exemptions that erode the Company Income Tax (CIT) base.

In addition, government should also increase taxes on alcohol and tobacco and broaden VAT by revisiting exemptions, he said.

Mr Mati noted that if the Federal Government can work reform its tax system, the economy would be jumpstarted.

Lately, Nigeria has looked toward tax to generate more revenue due to its fall into recession last year.

Minister of Finance, Mrs Kemi Adeosun, has consistently said the government intends to increase its revenue by increasing its tax base.

According to Federal Inland Revenue Service (FIRS), the total number of tax payers in Nigeria is just 12,649,654 [as at April 2017]. Of these, 96 percent have their taxes deducted at source under PAYE and just 4 percent comply with Direct Assessment.

In June 2017, the Federal Government launched the Voluntary Asset and Income Declaration Scheme (VAIDS).

The platform was put in place for defaulting Nigerian taxpayers to work out a flexible way to pay their outstanding tax liabilities due from them relating to the last six relevant tax years, regularize their tax transactions and obtain genuine tax clearance certificates for all the relevant years without fear of criminal prosecution for tax offences and with the benefit of forgiveness of interest and penalties.

Mrs Adeosun had stated at the launch of the initiative that the policy embraces all federal and state taxes such as Companies Income Tax, Personal Income Tax, Petroleum Profits Tax, Capital Gains Tax, Stamp Duties, Tertiary Education Tax, Technology Tax, Tenement Rates, Property Taxes.

Earlier this month, the Finance Minister said Nigeria will reduce the rate at which it borrows money for developmental projects only if the tax to gross domestic product (GDP) hits 10 percent.

At the moment, the country’s tax to GDP ratio is at 6 percent.

“We must pay taxes properly in Nigeria, if we do this, we do not need to borrow.

“Of course I am not suggesting that there isn’t responsibility on the part of government; we have to be more responsible, to be more efficient (when people citizens pay their taxes).

“We are really focusing on this, we are finding ways to cut cost, but fundamentally, we must invest but we don’t have the power we need, the roads, we are working in progress.

“A lot of money is needed to reposition this economy and we need to generate more through tax.

“We just need to move our tax to GDP from 6 percent from where it is now to 10 percent; it will significantly reduce the amount of money we need to borrow and that will have a wider effect on the economy.

“One, it would reduce the demand for short-term borrowing and help bring down interest rate.

“Two, it would create headroom for the private sector to borrow; that is the strategy,” Mrs Adeosun had said.

At the 3rd International Conference on Tax in Africa (ICTA) held in Abuja from September 25 to 29, 2017, stakeholders highlighted the need for African countries to build stronger domestic tax regimes by strengthening VAT, PIT and CIT.

At the Pan-African Conference on Illicit Financial Flows (IFFs) from Africa organised by Tax Justice Network Africa (TJNA) in Nairobi, Kenya, it was said that Africa has lost over $50 billion to multinationals who take advantage of weak tax laws and unfair trade treaties on the continent.

Dipo Olowookere is a journalist based in Nigeria that has passion for reporting business news stories. At his leisure time, he watches football and supports 3SC of Ibadan. Mr Olowookere can be reached via [email protected]

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Economy

Why Transparency Matters in Your Choice of a Financial Broker

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HFM financial broker

Choosing a Forex broker is essentially picking a partner to hold the wallet. In 2026, the market is flooded with flashy ads promising massive leverage and “zero fees,” but most of that is just noise. Real transparency is becoming a rare commodity. It isn’t just a corporate buzzword; it’s the only way a trader can be sure they aren’t playing against a stacked deck. If a broker’s operations are a black box, the trader is flying blind, which is a guaranteed way to blow an account.

The Scam of “Zero Commissions”

The first place transparency falls apart is in the pricing. Many brokers scream about “zero commissions” to get people through the door, but they aren’t running a charity. If they aren’t charging a flat fee, they are almost certainly hiding their profit in bloated spreads or “slippage.” A trader might hit buy at one price and get filled at a significantly worse one without any explanation. This acts as a silent tax on every trade. A transparent broker doesn’t hide the bill; they provide a live, auditable breakdown of costs so the trader can actually calculate their edge.

The Conflict of Market Making

It is vital to know who is on the other side of the screen. Many brokers act as “Market Makers,” which is a polite way of saying they win when the trader loses. This creates a massive conflict of interest. There is little incentive for a broker to provide fast execution if a client’s profit hurts their own bottom line. A broker with nothing to hide is open about using an ECN or STP model, simply passing orders to the big banks and taking a small, visible fee. If a broker refuses to disclose their execution model, they are likely betting against their own clients.

Regulation as a Safety Net

Transparency is worthless without an actual watchdog. A broker that values its reputation leads with its licenses from heavy-hitters like the FCA or ASIC. They don’t bury their regulatory status in the fine print or hide behind “offshore” jurisdictions with zero oversight. More importantly, they provide proof that client funds are kept in segregated accounts. This ensures that if the broker goes bust, the money doesn’t go to their creditors—it stays with the trader. Without this level of openness, capital is essentially unprotected.

The Withdrawal Litmus Test

The ultimate test of a broker’s transparency is how they handle the exit. There are countless horror stories of traders growing an account only to find that “technical errors” or vague “bonus terms” prevent them from withdrawing their money. A legitimate broker has clear, public rules for getting funds out and doesn’t hide behind a wall of unreturned emails. If a platform makes it difficult to see the exit strategy, it’s a sign that the front door should have stayed closed.

Conclusion

In 2026, honesty is the most valuable feature a broker can offer. It is the foundation that allows a trader to focus on the charts instead of worrying if their stops are being hunted. Finding a partner with clear pricing, honest execution, and real regulation is the first trade that has to be won. Flashy marketing is easy to find, but transparency is what actually keeps a trader in the game for the long haul.

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Economy

Nigeria’s Stock Market Indices Shrink 0.41% Amid Panic Sell-Offs

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By Dipo Olowookere

The Nigerian Exchange (NGX) Limited came under panic sell-offs on Thursday, as the investing community awaits the outcome of a probe into trading activities around one of the stocks on the bourse.

On Monday, trading in Zichis equities was prohibited by the regulator after it gained almost 900 per cent in one month of being listed by introduction on the growth board of the exchange.

This action triggered cautious trading on Customs Street, and things have not remained the same since then.

Yesterday, the key performance indices of the Nigerian bourse further depreciated by 0.41 per cent, the third straight loss this week, as investors book profit before being trapped.

It was observed that the energy industry gained 0.12 per cent and was the only one in green, as the industrial goods space shed 1.19 per cent, the banking counter depreciated by 0.63 per cent, the insurance sector lost 0.32 per cent, and the consumer goods segment tumbled by 0.03 per cent.

As a result, the All-Share Index (ASI) contracted by 802.39 points to 193,567.81 points from 194,370.20 points, and the market capitalisation decreased by N515 billion to N124.239 trillion from N124.754 trillion.

During the session, investors traded 868.5 million shares worth N31.5 billion in 69,310 deals compared with the 1.4 billion shares valued at N46.2 billion exchanged in 70,222 deals at midweek, showing a drop in the trading volume, value, and number of deals by 37.96 per cent, 31.82 per cent, and 1.30 per cent, respectively.

Jaiz Bank led the activity chart with 78.9 million equities valued at N1.2 billion, Japaul traded 73.3 million stocks worth N274.8 million, Access Holdings exchanged 66.9 million shares for N1.7 billion, Chams sold 56.9 million equities worth N239.6 million, and Zenith Bank transacted 45.5 million stocks valued at N4.1 billion.

The worst-performing stock for the day was Jaiz Bank after it lost 9.98 per cent to trade at N12.63, Ikeja Hotel declined by 9.90 per cent to N37.75, John Holt shrank by 9.90 per cent to N8.65, Enamelware slipped by 9.88 per cent to N36.50, and Cadbury went down by 9.69 per cent to N61.95.

On the flip side, FTN Cocoa was the best-performing stock after it gained 10.00 per cent to sell for N6.05, RT Briscoe improved by 9.95 per cent to N11.38, Deap Capital soared 9.92 per cent to N6.98, Japaul grew by 9.91 per cent to N3.77, and Ellah Lakes surged 9.72 per cent to N11.85.

Investor sentiment remained bearish as the exchange finished with 30 price gainers and 38 price losers, implying a negative market breadth index.

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Economy

Champion Breweries Concludes Bullet Brand Portfolio Acquisition

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By Aduragbemi Omiyale

The acquisition of the Bullet brand portfolio from Sun Mark has been completed by Champion Breweries Plc, a statement from the company confirms.

This marks a transformative milestone in the organisation’s strategic expansion into a diversified, pan-African beverage platform.

With this development, Champion Breweries now owns the Bullet brand assets, trademarks, formulations, and commercial rights globally through an asset carve-out structure.

The assets are held in a newly incorporated entity in the Netherlands, in which Champion Breweries holds a majority interest, while Vinar N.V., the majority shareholder of Sun Mark, retains a minority stake.

Bullet products are currently distributed in 14 African markets, positioning Champion Breweries to scale beyond Nigeria in the high-growth ready-to-drink (RTD) alcoholic and energy drink segments.

This expansion significantly broadens the brewer’s addressable market and strengthens its revenue base with an established, profitable portfolio that already enjoys strong brand recognition and consumer loyalty across multiple markets.

“The successful completion of our public equity raises, together with the formal close of the Bullet acquisition, marks a defining moment for Champion Breweries.

“The support we received from both existing shareholders and new investors reflects strong confidence in our long-term strategy to build a diversified, high-growth beverage platform with pan-African scale.

“Our focus now is on disciplined execution, integration, and delivering sustained value across markets,” the chairman of Champion Breweries, Mr Imo-Abasi Jacob, stated.

Through this transaction, Champion Breweries is expected to achieve enhanced foreign exchange earnings, expanded distribution leverage across African markets, integrated supply chain efficiencies, portfolio diversification into high‑growth consumer beverage categories, and strengthened presence in the RTD and energy drink segments.

The acquisition accelerates Champion Breweries’ transition from a regional brewing business to a multi-category consumer platform with continental reach.

Bullet Black is Nigeria’s leading ready-to-drink alcoholic beverage, while Bullet Blue has built a strong presence in the energy drink category across several African markets.

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