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Nigeria Suffers Third Consecutive Quarterly Trade Deficit

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trade deficit trade balance

By Adedapo Adesanya

For the third consecutive quarter, Nigeria has recorded a negative trade balance or trade deficit, recent data from the National Bureau of Statistics (NBS) has revealed.

Business Post reports that the trade balance, also known as the balance of trade (BOT), is the difference between the value of imports and exports of a country in a period.

According to the NBS, in the second quarter of 2020, the trade balance of Nigeria, Africa’s largest economy, recorded a deficit of N1.8 trillion.

This was because, in the period under review, the total value of exports in Nigeria stood at N2.2 trillion, while the value of imports stood at N4.0 trillion in Q2 2020.

In the first quarter of 2020, the country suffered a trade deficit of N421.3 billion, while in the fourth quarter of 2019, the trade deficit was N579.1 billion.

In the Foreign Trade in Good Statistics report for Q2 2020 released by the stats office on Wednesday, the total value of trades between April and June this year stood at N6.2 trillion, lower than the N8.6 trillion recorded both in Q1 2020 and Q2 2019.

A critical look at the export component of the trades in the second quarter of this year showed that mineral products accounted for the largest portion of exports, amounting to N1.9 trillion mainly due to the crude oil component. It was followed by vehicles aircraft and parts (N221.2 billion) and others.

Analysis of export by region revealed that Nigeria exported most products to Europe (N976.5 billion), followed by Asia (N734.1 billion), Africa (N401.4 billion), America (N105.8 billion) and Oceania (N1.7 billion). Within Africa, goods worth N149.3 billion were exported to ECOWAS member states.

For the destination of the exported products by country, Spain accounted for the highest valued (N310.8 billion), followed by the Netherlands (N243.7billion), China (N220.4 billion), India (N195.6 billion) and South Africa (N172.2).

An analysis of the imports showed that the fall in value in Q2 2020 was due to the decrease in the value of mineral fuels (N1.0 trillion), machinery and transport equipment (N147.2 billion) and miscellaneous manufactured articles (N157.5 billion) against their respective values in Quarter 1, 2020.

The structure of imports under this category showed that machinery and transport equipment accounted for the largest share of imports, at N1.6 trillion of total imports, followed by chemicals and related products, valued at N776.3 billion and food and live animals worth N648.6 billion among others.

The agency said during the quarter, Nigeria imported goods mainly from Asia worth N2.1 trillion. Other imports originated from Europe worth N1.1 trillion, while imports from America and Africa amounted to N605.2 billion and N174 billion respectively. Also, import from Oceania stood at N50.6 billion, while goods valued at N31.1 billion originated from ECOWAS.

By country, goods were mainly imported from China and they were worth (N1.3 trillion, while United States accounted for N428.9 billion, with India accounting for N322.3 billion, and the Netherlands accounting for N202.9 billion.

Adedapo Adesanya is a journalist, polymath, and connoisseur of everything art. When he is not writing, he has his nose buried in one of the many books or articles he has bookmarked or simply listening to good music with a bottle of beer or wine. He supports the greatest club in the world, Manchester United F.C.

Economy

Insurance Firms Must Submit 2025 Assessment Returns by May 31—NAICOM

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NAICOM Conplaint Management Portal

By Adedapo Adesanya

The National Insurance Commission has issued new guidelines for the collection, management, and administration of the Insurance Policyholders’ Protection Fund.

In a circular issued to all insurance institutions on Tuesday, the regulator also set May 31, 2026, as the deadline for insurers to submit their assessment returns for the 2025 financial year.

Recall that on August
 5, 2025, 
President Bola Tinubu signed
 into 
law
 the 
Nigerian 
Insurance 
Industry Reform 
Act (
NIIRA
2025).


This 
landmark legislation 
repeals 
the 
Insurance 
Act 
2003, 
and
 consolidates 
related 
provisions, 
ushering 
in 
a 
modern regulatory framework. It lays a strong foundation for sustainable growth and increased investment in the country’s insurance sector.

The commission said the guidelines were issued in exercise of its powers under the 2025 Act and other existing insurance laws and regulations to provide regulatory clarity, improve guidance, and ensure ease of compliance across the industry.

According to NAICOM, the guidelines establish a comprehensive structure for the operation of the IPPF, which serves as a statutory safety net to protect insurance policyholders in the event of distress or insolvency of a licensed insurer or reinsurer. The framework also provides direction on the reimbursement of loans by insurers and reinsurers.

NAICOM stated, “The guidelines ensure regulatory clarity, guidance and ease of compliance, as it provides a comprehensive regulatory framework for the collection, management, and administration of the Fund, which serves as a statutory safety net designed to protect insurance policyholders against distress and insolvency of a licensed insurer or reinsurer, including guidance for the reimbursement of loans by an insurer or reinsurer.

“Please be informed that the IPPF Assessment Returns in respect of the year 2025 shall be submitted to the Commission not later than 31st May 2026, while subsequent submissions shall be in line with Section 4.3 of the Guideline on Insurance Policyholders Protection Fund.”

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Economy

Dangote Refinery Sells Petrol at N1,200/L as Global Oil Prices Slump

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Dangote refinery import petrol

By Adedapo Adesanya

The Dangote Refinery on Wednesday returned the petrol price to N1,200 per litre, less than 24 hours after it increased it by 5 per cent.

The private refinery had raised the ex-depot price by N75 on Tuesday, citing pressure from volatile global oil markets, but quickly brought it back to N1,200 per litre from N1,275 per litre.

The swift downward review is directly linked to a sharp drop in international crude prices. Brent crude has plunged to $95.05 per barrel, after a 13 per cent decline, while the US West Texas Intermediate (WTI) crude closed at $97.18, recording nearly a 14 per cent drop.

This development comes after US President Donald Trump announced a conditional two-week ceasefire with Iran, which eased fears of immediate supply disruptions in the global oil market.

“This will be a double-sided CEASEFIRE!” Trump said on social media, marking a sharp reversal from his earlier warning that “a whole civilisation will die tonight” if Iran failed to comply with US demands.

Iran’s Foreign Minister, Mr Abbas Araqchi, confirmed that the country would halt attacks provided strikes against Iran cease and transit through the Strait of Hormuz is coordinated by Iranian forces.

Despite the breakthrough, tensions remain elevated across the region, with several Gulf states reporting missile launches, drone activity, or issuing civil defence warnings.

While oil prices have fallen back below $100, they remain significantly elevated after surging by a record amount in March. Market analysts noted that regardless of how successful the ceasefire is, geopolitical risk related to the Strait of Hormuz is likely to remain elevated for the foreseeable future under the control of Iran.

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Economy

Crude Deliveries Double to Dangote Refinery in Mix of Naira, Dollar Supply

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Dangote refinery petrol

By Adedapo Adesanya

Crude oil deliveries from the Nigerian National Petroleum Company (NNPC) Limited to the Dangote Petroleum Refinery doubled in March, boosting prospects for improved fuel availability.

This was revealed by the chief executive of Dangote Industries Limited, Mr Aliko Dangote, on Tuesday, when he received the Deputy Secretary-General of the United Nations, Mrs Amina Mohammed, at the industrial complex in Ibeju-Lekki, Lagos.

While speaking on feedstock supply, Mr Dangote commended the NNPC for increasing crude deliveries to the refinery in March, noting that volumes rose to 10 cargoes—six supplied in Naira and four in Dollars—to support domestic fuel availability, according to a statement by the Refinery.

“Last month, they gave us six cargoes for Naira and four cargoes for Dollars,” he said.

Despite the improvement, Mr Dangote noted that the supply remains below the 19 cargoes required for optimal operations, with the refinery continuing to bridge the gap through imports from the United States and other African producers.

He also expressed concern over the unwillingness of international oil companies operating in Nigeria to sell to the refinery, stating that their preference for selling crude to traders forces it to repurchase at higher costs, with broader implications for the economy.

Mr Dangote added that the refinery is seeking increased access to domestically priced crude under local currency arrangements as part of efforts to moderate fuel costs and enhance long-term energy and food security across the continent.

On her part, Mrs Mohammed underscored the strategic importance of Dangote Industries Limited -particularly Dangote Fertiliser Limited—in addressing Africa’s mounting food security challenges, while calling for stronger global partnerships to scale its impact.

Mrs Mohammed said the United Nations would prioritise amplifying scalable solutions capable of mitigating the continent’s food crisis, describing Dangote’s integrated industrial model as a critical pathway.

“I think the UN’s job here is to amplify and to put visibility on the possibilities of mitigating a food security crisis, and this is one of them,” she said. “I hope that when we go back, we can continue to engage partners and countries that should collaborate with Dangote Industries.”

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