Economy
Why the Nigerian Economy Requires Immediate Reforms
Not too long ago, Bola Ahmed Tinubu won the presidential election. He will take over the presidency of Nigeria in May 2023 and will have the difficult challenge of reviving the weak Nigerian economy by implementing many crucial changes.
GDP Growth Rate
The National Bureau of Statistics’ latest data on Nigeria’s Gross Domestic Product (GDP) shows a decrease in the annual GDP growth rate to 3.10% in 2022, compared to 3.40% in 2021. However, in the 4th quarter of 2022, the economy grew by 3.52%, in contrast to the 2.25% in the previous quarter.
Non-oil sectors were responsible for most of the growth. More precisely, 95.66%, while Nigeria’s oil sector contributed 4.34%. Daily oil production increased to 1.34 million barrels per day in Q4, up from the previous quarter’s 1.20 million barrels. However, it is still lower than the 1.50 million barrels per day recorded in the same quarter of 2021.
The services sector was also one of the main reasons for growth, contributing 56.27% to the GDP in the 4th quarter of the year.
Furthermore, the information and communication sector also played a significant role. It caused a 16.22% growth in the 4th quarter, compared to 15.35% in the 3rd quarter and 15.21% in the 4th quarter of 2021.
Another sector that helped with the GDP growth was the trade sector. It added 13.20% to the GDP in Q4, higher than the 12.45% in Q3. Although the sectors mentioned above had a positive effect on the GDP, there are still some sectors that lowered it.
Agriculture’s contribution to the GDP in the 4th quarter was 24.90%, a bit lower than the previous quarter’s 27.55%. Severe flooding across the country significantly set back agriculture, causing the sector to record a 0.94% decrease.
Manufacturing’s contribution to real GDP in 2022 was 8.40%, lower than 15% in 2021. So, the new president can work on expanding labour productivity through education to improve the country’s GDP.
Socio-Economic Issues
Mrs Zainab Ahmed, the Minister of Finance, Budget, and National Planning, mainly worries about the government’s ability to fund important programs due to low tax compliance among Nigerians. In the past, citizens paid taxes, but this changed since Nigeria became an oil-based economy. But, perhaps quite surprisingly, Nigeria’s gambling industry could provide a good source of revenue as it is relatively advanced compared to other African countries.
In general, governments tax the gambling industry to generate revenue, which also applies to Nigeria. However, with the online gambling world remaining largely unregulated in Nigeria (as well as in the vast majority of African countries), Nigeria is missing out on a significant potential source of income, not to mention that Nigerian citizens gambling online remain primarily unprotected due to the lack of regulation in the country.
With no deposit bonuses and other enticing offers brought about by the rise of online gambling attracting more and more players each year, it’s crucial to address the problem of the lack of legislation in this sector – for both players’ and the country’s sake.
And although tax collection has increased significantly from N6 trillion in 2021 to N10 trillion in 2022, the government still needs to address the growing expenditure that outpaces revenue growth by almost double annually.
Improving the Transmission Infrastructure
Power transmission is a huge issue for Nigerian citizens. Despite installing almost 13 GW of grid power-producing capacity, only an average of 3.4 GW reaches customers.
According to Prof. Kingsley Moghalu, the next government must increase revenue and address waste and corruption in governance by bringing in competent professionals to manage the economy. In addition, the new president must take direct ownership and leadership of the power sector, and mandate key players, to enhance transmission infrastructure.
The CEO of Proton Energy, Mr Oti Ikomi, emphasizes the need for a single individual who is accountable and takes instructions from the president, who must take ownership and not just hold a titular position. This individual must have technical, administrative, and supervisory responsibilities and meet regularly with the president.
He cited the example of Egypt, where the President had weekly meetings, which improved the transmission infrastructure. He added that Siemens Energy, a giant global energy corporation, is willing to work with Nigeria, but the country must also be ready to expedite things.
Domestic Debts
Dr Baba Musa, the Director-General of the West African Institute for Financial and Economic Management, finds Nigeria’s large debt a major challenge. He highlights the need to remove fuel subsidies and increase revenue through innovative means, such as cancelling tax relief.
Dr Musa also emphasizes the importance of spending only on essential items until revenue improves. He calls for coordination between the fiscal and monetary authorities and suggests evaluating the quality of fiscal spending.
In contrast, Mrs Zainab Ahmed states that the main issue with the Nigerian economy is the lack of ability to generate sufficient revenue rather than the current debt situation. Therefore, domestic revenue needs to be increased to reduce reliance on borrowing.
All in all, the new Nigerian president, Bola Ahmed Tinubu, must tackle the various economic challenges by implementing critical reforms that will ensure sustainable recovery.
The president must prioritize fiscal management, establish a unified and stable market-based exchange rate, and put an end to fuel subsidies. These measures are necessary to navigate the country toward economic prosperity.
Economy
Afreximbank’s Gamble on Dangote Refinery Paid Off—Elombi
By Adedapo Adesanya
The President of the African Export-Import Bank (Afreximbank), Mr George Elombi, said the lender’s gamble on the soon-to-be expanded 650,000-barrel-per-day Dangote Refinery has paid off amid rising energy needs following the United States and Israel’s war on Iran.
Speaking recently on the sidelines of last Monday’s formal signing event to host the bank’s Intra-African Trade Fair 2027 in Lagos, a continental commerce event designed to boost trade across Africa, Mr Elombi said the fears that its involvement in the $20 billion infrastructure “could break Afreximbank” have proven to be a win for the company and the continent.
The $20 billion Dangote Refinery, which was largely financed by Afreximbank, has been described as a transformative project for Nigeria’s energy landscape. It has disrupted local markets as well as foreign markets.
In October 2025, Mr Elombi revealed in Cairo that Mr Aliko Dangote was seeking an additional $5 billion to expand his refinery in Lagos. This came after Afreximbank announced a $1.35 billion facility for Dangote Industries Limited as part of a $4 billion syndicated financing deal to refinance the construction of the complex, the largest single-train refinery in the world, in August. The bank contributed the largest share.
Mr Elombi, who took over the presidency of the lender in October, stated at the time that Mr Aliko Dangote had personally disclosed the plan earlier and assured the bank would explore all possible financing options.
In his latest comment regarding the relationship, he said, “We looked around, and we said, if we didn’t do it, then who else was going to come and take the risk later. Still, the risk is a gamble, but on this occasion we were lucky because it turned out to be a very positive gamble.”
“You gamble on someone like Mr Aliko Dangote, every type of gamble will be on the winning side. So we went along with the gamble, and you can see what the impact is; it is that he can now refine domestically and sell at the domestic rate. We can now use Dangote as an instrument for dealing with our refined product challenges across the Gulf of Guinea and further in some countries,” he added.
He described the refinery as “a development instrument” for African countries in light of the disruptions, saying “he (Dangote) has to use it for that purpose and we will be using it all the way down the Atlantic Coast, Namibia, Botswana, where we intend to put storage facilities so that when crises happens like this, long as is further away from the African coast.”
Economy
Nigeria’s Crude Output Falls 145,000bpd in February
By Adedapo Adesanya
Nigeria’s crude production dropped 145,000 barrels per day in February 2026, reversing the small gains made in January 2026.
The country averaged 1.314 million barrels of crude per day, a 9.94 per cent slide from the 1.459 million barrels of crude per day averaged in January 2026, according to data published in the March 2026 issue of the OPEC Monthly Oil Market Report (MOMR).
The main contributor to the decrease was the ongoing turnaround maintenance of the Bonga field, the country’s largest single producing accumulation. The TAM runs from February 1 to March 18, 2026.
February 2026 data from the Nigerian Upstream Petroleum Regulatory Commission (NUPRC) had not been released as of March 13, 2026, so it’s unclear what the volume of condensate produced in the month was since OPEC doesn’t publish condensate volumes produced by its members.
However, the crude oil figures published in the MOMR for every country are cleared with the regulatory agencies of those countries, so the 1.314 million barrels of crude per day figure is expected to be confirmed when NUPRC data for February 2026 is published on its website.
Despite the plunge, Nigeria remained Africa’s largest crude oil producer in the month, with second-place Libya also dropping from 1. 378 million barrels of crude per day in January to 1 287 million barrels of crude per day in February 2026.
The drop in production may affect Nigeria’s gains from the expected oil windfall, as skyrocketing oil prices are heightened by Iran’s closure of the Strait of Hormuz.
The closure of the Strait, which connects the Gulf to the world market, has triggered the biggest oil supply disruption in history. The narrow waterway is a critical energy choke point that typically carries roughly 20 per cent of the world’s oil.
The international benchmark Brent crude futures traded 1.9 per cent higher at $105.00 per barrel.
The Paris-based International Energy Agency (IEA) spearheaded more than 30 countries to release 400 million barrels of stockpiled oil to address the supply disruption. Asian nations will start releasing emergency oil supplies immediately, while countries in the Americas and Europe will start releasing their stockpiles by the end of March.
Economy
Coronation Sees February 2026 Inflation Cooling to 14.12%
By Aduragbemi Omiyale
Analysts at Coronation Research are projecting the inflation rate for February 2026 to moderate by 0.98 per cent to 14.12 per cent from the 15.10 per cent recorded in the preceding month.
The National Bureau of Statistics (NBS) is expected to release the inflation numbers today, Monday, March 16, 2026.
In a note released over the weekend, Coronation Research disclosed that the fall in the average prices of goods and services for last month would be impacted by a decline in the prices of food items.
“Our projection is supported by favourable base effects, easing food price pressures, and slight appreciation of the Naira,” a part of the report sighted by Business Post read.
The organisation revealed that the ongoing government interventions in the agricultural sector to improve food supply conditions are beginning to ease pressures within the food component of the consumer basket.
It further stated that “appreciation of the Naira to N1,363.40/1$ from N1,386.55/1$ in January is expected to reduce the cost of imported food items.”
However, it stressed that the ongoing US/Israel-Iran war was capable of reversing the deflationary trends because of the rising global energy prices.
“Also, the $200 million financing approved by the African Development Bank (AfDB) Group to scale up priority agricultural investments is expected to be disbursed in March, but its impact is likely to materialise in the medium to long term, with limited immediate effects on food supply and prices,” it said.
Coronation Research also disclosed that the recent energy market developments could keep core inflation sticky in the near term, as average Bonny Light crude oil prices rose to $72.33 per barrel in February 2026 from $68.04 per barrel in January.
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