Economy
Market Cap of Top 40 Miners Hit $714b—Report
By Dipo Olowookere
A new report by PwC has revealed that market capitalisation of the top 40 mining companies in the world increased by 45 percent to $714 billion, approaching the 2014 level. This was mainly due to rising commodity prices.
The report, titled PwC Mine 2017 report, noted that the world’s Top 40 miners recovered from a race to the bottom, with bolstered balance sheets and a return to profitability in 2016, giving them much-needed space to pause and draw breath.
As it looks to the future, the 14th edition of PwC’s industry series analysing financial performance and global trends, also outlines the new opportunities and hazards on the horizon – and the impact of intransigent or innovative activity.
Mine 2017 was released by PwC Africa last week at the Junior Indaba conference held in Johannesburg.
Michal Kotzé, Energy, Utilities and Mining Industry Leader for PwC Africa, commented: “The narrative of the Top 40 in 2016 tends to read like a mine site safety mantra: Stop. Think … Act. The industry has moved out of danger but 2016 was not a year of significant action, and we now wait to see who will be bold and step out beyond the fluctuating market confidence.”
The report analysed 40 of the largest listed mining companies by market capitalisation. The financial information for 2016 covers the reporting periods 1 April 2015 to 31 December 2016, with each company’s results included for the 12-month financial reporting period that falls into this time frame.
The number of emerging companies included in the Top 40 has decreased by two and now totals 17. There were seven new entrants from the previous year, five of which had made appearances on previous rankings in either 2014 or 2015. First Quantum and Teck Resources re-emerged on the 2016 list after strengthening their financial positions.
The report recognises a return to profitability in 2016, with an aggregate Top-40 net profit of $20 billion; after an aggregate loss of $28 billion in 2015. The improved fortunes of the industry were then directed to strengthening balance sheets.
Revenue from the Top 40 remained relatively flat – up just one percent from the previous year’s sum of $491 billion – despite a rebound in commodity prices, particularly coal and iron ore in the second half of the year.
Capex fell dramatically again, by a further 41 percent, to a new record low of just $50 billion, the report noted.
After hitting a near-record in 2015, impairment charges tumbled last year to a less-alarming $19 billion.
The report said debt repayments totalled $93 billion, up from $73 billion a year earlier, with most of the debt issued to refinance, rather than fund acquisitions or mine development.
Kotzé added: “We see an improved gearing ratio of 41 per cent, down from the 2015 record of 49 per cent. But this is still well above the 10 year average of 29 per cent. Interestingly, we also found that around half the capex figure was invested in sustaining activities, so the growth capital portion was strikingly small compared with previous years.”
Rapidly rising commodity prices sparked renewed market optimism and improved credit ratings across the Top 40 firms. Valuations also climbed, especially for the traditional miners, with the trend continuing through the first quarter of 2017 even as commodity prices remained flat. But, valuations aside, there is little to suggest that the group made any substantial advances throughout the year.
For the fourth consecutive year, the industry reduced spending on exploration. $7.2 billion was invested in 2016, barely one-third of the record $21.5 billion allocated in 2012, with the funds cautiously targeted at less risky, later stage assets, typically located in politically stable countries.
Limited M&A activity
One of the biggest M&A stories of 2016 concerned the assets that did not sell. Numerous large deals, expected to be completed by early 2017, were withdrawn from the market, possibly due to the rebound in commodity prices and the improving prospects of the companies that owned them. More broadly, asset sales in 2016 were largely strategic rather than fire sales. Mines, especially diversified players, sold minority stakes in non-mining businesses.
China in the driving seat
China remains the exception to the dominant investment behaviour within the Top 40. During the downturn, Chinese companies demonstrated one enormous advantage over other miners from both traditional and emerging countries: access to capital.
With deeper pockets, Chinese players were able to fund more acquisitions than their counterparts, either confidently buying assets at bullish prices or moving quickly on assets made available at the bottom of the price cycle. We also saw an increase in acquisitions by Chinese private equity firms, and we expect China to continue to be active in acquiring global mining assets as a way to reduce its longer term dependency on imports.
Moving into action
Balance sheet clean-ups require discipline, and this has resulted in a tailing-off of impairments, the avoidance of any new bankruptcies, the absence of any significant streaming transactions and a general passing of distress. The market rightly applauded this, reinstating a positive gap between market caps and net book values that was absent in 2015.
All of this provides a platform for decisive action in the future. While many will be willing to ride the waves of industry sentiment, others will see the conditions as ripe for value accretive moves, with market differentiation their immediate goal.
Action might also come in the form of commitments to greenfield projects, M&A or technology – or a combination of these – while others may realign their strategy in response to external forces such as recycling and substation, shareholder activism and government intervention.
Will the digital revolution become an enduring part of the mining psyche?
New technologies promising a boost for the sector include software to optimise asset utilisation, devices to remotely monitor and control activities, and robotics to automate repetitive task.
The benefits of asset optimisation tools are significant. According to an analysis by PwC, it is estimated that maintenance costs can be reduced by 20 to 40 percent, asset utilisation increased by up to 20 percent, capital expenses reduced by 5 to 10 percent, while also delivering improved environmental, health and safety outcomes. A number of Top 40 miners have announced or implemented digital innovations that are already enhancing performance.
Andries Rossouw, PwC Assurance Partner commented: “Mining companies need to combine engineering excellence and know-how with a new open-mindedness to learn from advanced analytics and a need to embrace robotics and platforms that fundamentally challenge decades of doing things the same way…it is as much about behaviour as technology.”
Rossouw concludes: “The key question is, who will act rather than simply react? There will be more advances this year but how impactful they will be, remains to be seen.”
By Adedapo Adesanya
The crude oil market was mixed on Wednesday as investors weighed revived expectations of a de-escalation in United States-Iran hostilities.
Brent crude futures gained 9 cents or 0.11 per cent to trade at $79.45 a barrel, while the US West Texas Intermediate (WTI) crude futures fell by 55 cents or 0.73 per cent to $75.22 per barrel.
US President Donald Trump previously said there was an “all-day negotiation” with Iran, characterizing the talks positively while also threatening to hit the country “really hard” if a deal was not reached.
Meanwhile, Iran denied that peace talks were under way. Its Foreign Ministry said on Wednesday that Iran and Oman have reached an understanding on how to manage the Strait of Hormuz.
It was reported that the decision was awaiting a decision from Iran’s supreme leader after Iranian and Omani negotiators completed a draft agreement that could reopen the Strait of Hormuz, the main export route for Persian Gulf oil and LNG. Also, a joint announcement is being finalized.
The proposed temporary arrangement would direct ships entering the Persian Gulf through waters controlled by Iran, while vessels leaving the Gulf would use a route administered by Oman. The agreement would revive parts of the US-Iran memorandum reached in June, which collapsed after attacks on shipping resumed.
Reuters reported that Iran is seeking payments equivalent to between 5 per cent and 7 per cent of cargo value, while Oman has proposed a 3 per cent charge.
However, the Trump administration has rejected any arrangement requiring ships to pay Iran for passage through what was an open international waterway before the war.
Crude stockpiles rose by 2.5 million barrels to 407 million barrels last week, data from the Energy Information Administration (EIA) showed on Wednesday. Previously, the American Petroleum Institute (API) estimated that crude oil inventories in the US rose by 2.69 million barrels in the week ending July 30.
Apart from disruption in the Gulf, a surge in attacks on Russian and Ukrainian ships, ports and export terminals in the Black Sea is disrupting global commodity supplies.
Disruption has spread to the Caspian Pipeline Consortium (CPC), the main export route for Kazakh crude oil, which has repeatedly suspended operations this week because of safety concerns and a lack of tankers.
By Aduragbemi Omiyale
Between $30 billion and $50 billion in investments are anticipated from 22 major offshore projects by the Nigerian Upstream Petroleum Regulatory Commission (NUPRC) from now till 2030.
Speaking at the Society of Petroleum Engineers’ Nigeria Annual International Conference and Exhibition (NAICE 2026) in Lagos on Wednesday, the chief executive of NUPRC, Mrs Oritsemeyiwa Eyesan, said since 2022, successive licensing rounds have opened access to some of Nigeria’s most prospective oil and gas acreages.
She made reference to the recent 2025 Licensing Round where 31 companies emerged successful bidders for 37 oil and gas blocks after progressing through a robust, data-driven and technology enabled evaluation process.
Mrs Eyesan said the 2026 Licensing Round, which is set to commence soon, is showing greater promise thanks to the transparency that has characterised licensing rounds.
“With preparations already underway for the 2026 Licensing Round, Nigeria is demonstrating that investment certainty is no longer an aspiration; it is becoming an enduring feature of our regulatory framework,” the NUPRC boss stated.
The agency’s chief, who was represented at the event by the Executive Commissioner for Development and Production, Mr Enorense Amadasu, the expected investments are expected to increase production, create jobs and strengthen energy security.
“Since 2024, the NUPRC has approved over $57 billion in Field Development Plan (FDPs) some of which have translated to Final Investment Decisions. Twenty-two major offshore projects are expected between 2026 and 2030 with an estimated investment potential of $30–50 billion.
“Beyond increasing production, these investments will create jobs, expand infrastructure, strengthen energy security and reinforce Nigeria’s position as a leading global upstream investment destination,” she stated.
She noted that besides developing its proven reserves, Nigeria is building a resilient energy future by maintaining a strong pipeline of exploration opportunities that will sustain long-term growth and energy security.
Mrs Eyesan said infrastructure deficit continues to undermine Africa’s promising potential, stating that, Nigeria is, however, addressing this challenge through a series of strategies.
“We are expanding gas gathering systems, processing facilities, pipelines and export infrastructure, while promoting shared facilities, open access, third party access and field tiebacks to reduce costs, speed up project delivery, maximise the use of existing infrastructure and help bring stranded oil and gas resources into production,” the NUPRC boss stated.
Besides these infrastructure strategies, Mrs Eyesan said stronger collaboration among government, security agencies, operators, host communities and private partners; as well as the Host Community Development Trust had led to an improvement in the protection of critical energy assets which had ultimately made Nigeria’s upstream sector more resilient.
By Adedapo Adesanya
Pathway Advisors Limited has launched a N25 billion Series 3 Commercial Paper (CP) issuance for Zeenab Foods Limited, with proceeds expected to strengthen the agro-processing company’s working capital and support its short-term funding needs.
The offer, which is being issued under Zeenab Foods’ N50 billion Commercial Paper Programme, opened for subscription on August 4 and will close on August 10, 2026. Issue and settlement are scheduled for August 11, while the commercial paper will mature on August 10, 2027.
Acting as the lead arranger and issuing house, Pathway Advisors structured the 364-day instrument at a discount rate of 19.69 per cent, translating to an effective yield of 24.50 per cent. The offer has a minimum subscription of N5 million, with additional investments accepted in multiples of N1,000.
Founded in 2011, Zeenab Foods operates across rice milling, the export of processed agricultural commodities, and the supply of food products to international donor organisations, including the United Nations World Food Programme (UN-WFP). The company runs processing facilities in Abuja and Kano, while maintaining export liaison offices in Changsha, Guangzhou and Shanghai in China, as well as Dubai in the United Arab Emirates.
The company has received strong investment-grade ratings from leading credit rating agencies. Agusto & Co. assigned it a short-term rating of A1 and a long-term rating of A-, while DataPro Limited rated it A1 for the short term and A+ for the long term.
According to the transaction details, Zeenab Foods has maintained a strong repayment record under both its previous N20 billion Commercial Paper Programme and the current N50 billion programme. Since 2024, the company has redeemed multiple commercial paper series ahead of maturity, reinforcing investor confidence in its financial position.
The firm has also continued to expand its production capacity to meet growing demand. Its rice milling facility now has an installed capacity of 180 metric tonnes per day following a 50 per cent expansion completed in 2025, with average capacity utilisation standing at about 85 per cent.
Zeenab Foods has also positioned itself to benefit from policy changes in Nigeria’s agricultural sector. Following the federal government’s ban on raw shea nut exports in August 2025, the company leased a shea butter processing facility in Ogun State with an initial capacity of 100 metric tonnes per day. It plans to expand the facility to 300 metric tonnes daily while diversifying into soya oil processing, edible oil refining and cocoa butter production.
The organisation also expects continued growth from its long-standing relationship with the UN-WFP, supported by sustained humanitarian food demand across the Sahel region.
Pathway Advisors Limited, a Securities and Exchange Commission-regulated issuing house and financial advisory firm, said it remains focused on facilitating access to capital for businesses and supporting sustainable economic growth across key sectors of the Nigerian economy through its capital-raising and advisory services.
