Banking
Don’t Give Loans to Customers—CBN Orders Payment Service Banks
By Dipo Olowookere
Payment Service Banks (PSBs) operating in the country have been directed not to grant loans to their customers because they are not authorised to do so.
This directive was contained in the guidelines for licencing and regulation of PSBs released a few days ago by the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN).
In the guidelines analysed by Business Post, the apex bank said operators in the sector “shall not…grant any form of loans, advances and guarantees (directly or indirectly)” in the country, stressing that “as such, the provisions for the management of credit risk applicable to Deposit Money Banks (DMBs) shall not apply to PSBs.”
Also, the central bank said PSBs are not allowed to accept foreign currency deposits, deal in the foreign exchange market except the sale of foreign currencies realized from inbound cross-border personal remittances to authorized foreign exchange dealers.
In addition, they are prohibited from doing insurance underwriting, undertake any other transaction which is not prescribed by the guidelines or accept any closed scheme electronic value like airtime as a form deposit or payment or establish any subsidiary except as prescribed in the CBN Regulation on the Scope of Banking and Ancillary Matters, No 3, 2010.
However, the PSBs are permitted to accept deposits from individuals and small businesses, which shall be covered by the deposit insurance scheme; and carry out payments and remittances (including inbound cross-border personal remittances) services through various channels within Nigeria.
In addition, they are authorised to issue debit and pre-paid cards on their names; operate electronic wallet; render financial advisory services; invest in FGN and CBN securities; and carry out such other activities as may be prescribed by the CBN from time to time.
The CBN said to commence operations in Nigeria, A PSB must pay a non-refundable application fee of N500,000; pay another non-refundable licensing fee N2 million and then have a minimum capital of N5 billion alongside other key requirements.
The central bank said operators must adhere to some fair competition clauses, warning that failure to comply “may lead to revocation of the license of the PSB.”
Business Post reports that PSBs have the mandate to promote a sound financial system in Nigeria and make financial services accessible to low-income earners and unbanked segments of the society so as to make the financial services sector more robust.
They are established to enhance financial inclusion by increasing access to deposit products and payment/remittance services to small businesses, low-income households and other financially excluded entities through high-volume low-value transactions in a secured technology-driven environment.
They are expected to operate mostly in the rural areas and unbanked locations, targeting financially excluded persons, with not less than 25 per cent financial service touch points in such rural areas as defined by the CBN from time to time.
Read the full guidelines HERE
By Adedapo Adesanya
One of Nigeria’s top digital banks, PalmPay, has appointed a former executive of the Nigeria Inter-Bank Settlement System (NIBSS), Mr Samuel Oluyemi, as its chief operating officer.
In his new role, Mr Oluyemi will oversee the financial technology company’s operations in Nigeria, where it offers a broad range of digital financial services to individuals and businesses.
Mr Oluyemi will also engage with regulators to ensure the company’s expansion aligns with Nigeria’s financial, digital and social inclusion objectives.
Prior to joining the company, Mr Oluyemi spent more than two decades at NIBSS, where he served as business development lead.
During his tenure, he drove the development of several critical payment infrastructure projects, including the digital validation of Nigerian international passports, e-Dividend Mandate Management System (e-DMMS), and the Electronic Pensions Contribution Collection System (EPCCOS).
Also, he played a key role in the introduction and early adoption of the NIBSS Instant Payment (NIP) platform, Nigeria’s first real-time interbank transfer system launched in 2011, and later supported its extension to other financial institutions.
Mr Oluyemi obtained a master’s degree in Monetary Economics from the University of Ibadan and has participated in several local and international professional training programmes.
Commenting on the appointment, Managing Director of PalmPay Nigeria, Mr Chika Nwosu, said that the company was strengthening its leadership team to support its longterm vision.
By Adedapo Adesanya
Africa’s most valuable fintech, Flutterwave, has signalled that its long-anticipated initial public offering (IPO) remains firmly on the back burner as the company intensifies efforts to transform itself into a licensed financial institution across the continent.
The firm’s chief executive, Mr Olugbenga Agboola, said the firm is focused on building sustainable profitability, diversifying its revenue streams and expanding its banking footprint before considering a stock market listing.
Speaking to The Africa Report, Mr Agboola described an IPO as a future financing milestone rather than an immediate strategic objective.
“An IPO is a financing event, not a strategy,” he said. “We are not holding any pressure to go public. This gives us the flexibility to be patient and ensure when we do list, we’re doing so from a position of strength.”
The comments come as Flutterwave embarks on an acquisition-led expansion strategy aimed at securing banking licences and deeper regulatory access across Africa.
Mr Agboola revealed that the company is currently in the process of acquiring a bank in East Africa, though he declined to disclose the institution or country involved.
The planned acquisition is expected to provide Flutterwave with an established customer base, existing banking infrastructure and regulatory approvals, significantly shortening the time required to enter new financial services markets.
According to Mr Agboola, the company’s expansion priorities include Kenya, Ghana, Rwanda, Tanzania, South Africa and Egypt, while the Democratic Republic of Congo and Ethiopia remain under consideration for future growth.
Rather than building banks from scratch in every market, Flutterwave intends to adopt a mix of acquisitions, licences and strategic partnerships depending on local regulatory conditions.
“The vision is not to form a bank in every country but to ensure that every African business has access to more than financial services,” Mr Agboola said in the interview.
The banking push follows recent regulatory and corporate developments, including the Central Bank of Nigeria’s approval of Flutterwave’s banking licence and the acquisition of open banking startup Mono.
Together, the moves underscore a broader strategy to expand beyond payments and establish new revenue streams in lending, liquidity management and business banking services.
Flutterwave plans to focus on institutional deposits from businesses already using its platform rather than competing aggressively for retail deposits.
The company intends to leverage transaction data from its payments network to provide short-term working capital, merchant financing, invoice discounting and trade finance products for small and medium-sized enterprises.
Mr Agboola disclosed that the bulk of the capital earmarked for banking operations will be directed toward credit support and liquidity buffers, with additional allocations for lending and banking infrastructure.
The strategy reflects a growing trend among African fintech firms seeking banking licences to reduce dependence on traditional financial institutions and gain greater control over settlement, liquidity management and product development.
Despite speculation about a near-term public listing, Mr Agboola maintained that Flutterwave’s immediate focus remains execution and growth.
He noted that the company will only consider an IPO after achieving stronger profitability and establishing scale across its payments, banking and remittance businesses.
In February 2025, he told Bloomberg that Flutterwave would only pursue a public offering after becoming profitable. He also stated in late 2024 that the company was “not in the IPO race.”
Founded in 2016, Flutterwave has processed more than one billion transactions valued at over $40 billion across 35 African countries. The company recently secured fresh funding that lifted its valuation to $3.3 billion, with American blockchain firm Ripple leading the investment round.
For now, however, Flutterwave appears more interested in building the foundations of a pan-African financial institution than rushing to the public markets, positioning banking expansion as the next phase of its growth story while keeping an eventual IPO firmly on the long-term horizon.
By Adedapo Adesanya
Nigerian businessman Femi Otedola has strengthened his position as the largest shareholder in First Holdco Plc, increasing his stake to 26 per cent through the acquisition of additional shares worth N222.21 billion on the Nigerian Exchange (NGX) Limited.
According to a disclosure on the NGX on Thursday, the chairman of First Holdco acquired further 1,779,094,976 shares of the group at N124.90 per share.
The transaction on the Nigerian main bourse takes Mr Otedola’s position to 11,763,018,192 shares from 9,277,792,037 as of June 30 2026, as per the company’s unaudited results, making him the largest shareholder of the oldest financial institution in Nigeria.
The acquisition also has implications under Nigeria’s takeover rules, which require any shareholder that acquires 30 per cent or more of a listed company to make a mandatory offer to the remaining shareholders.
With an estimated 26 per cent stake in First Holdco, which is equivalent to nearly 12 billion shares out of the company’s 45.48 billion outstanding shares, Mr Otedola is now nearing the regulatory threshold.
The gap to the mandatory takeover threshold is about 2.49 billion shares, fewer than the block Otedola acquired in July 2026 alone. A further purchase of a similar scale would trigger Nigeria’s mandatory takeover rules, requiring him to make an offer for all the remaining shares of First Holdco Plc, the parent company of First Bank of Nigeria Limited.
As of now, the billionaire has given no indication that he intends to trigger a mandatory takeover, consistently describing his share purchases as a long-term investment rather than a path to outright control of the group.
Mr Otedola’s stake-building has been years in the making but gathered significant pace in 2026. He held 6.68 billion shares, representing 15.95 per cent of First Holdco, at the end of June 2025, when the company had 41.88 billion shares outstanding.
By March 31, 2026, his holding had risen to 8.06 billion shares against an expanded share capital of 44.45 billion. Three months later, his stake increased to 9.28 billion shares after he acquired about 1.22 billion shares in a single quarter, largely through indirect holdings. A further acquisition through his investment vehicle, Calvados Global Services, this month pushed his holdings above the 10 billion-share mark for the first time.
He has also reiterated that the money committed is his own rather than borrowed.
In recent months, Mr Otedola has also made other high-profile investment moves beyond the banking sector, including acquiring a luxury residence in London’s exclusive Mayfair district, underscoring his growing international real estate portfolio.
He is believed to have participated in a financing arrangement involving the Dangote Refinery, placing funds with the facility as it secured working capital to support the scale-up of operations.
With the 30 per cent threshold now within reach, is a First Holdco takeover Mr Otedola’s next move?
