Economy
Stanbic IBTC PMI for Private Sector Shows Rise in Business Confidence
By Modupe Gbadeyanka
The private sector in Nigeria sustained growth in January 2025, though lower than what was achieved in the preceding month.
The Purchasing Managers’ Index (PMI) of Stanbic IBTC Bank for the month stood at 52.0 points compared with the 52.7 points recorded in December 2024.
It was observed that new orders and business activity maintained an upward trend amid a large improvement in business confidence as firms expanded employment, purchasing and inventories.
Although input costs and output prices continued to rise rapidly, respective rates of inflation were much slower than seen in December.
Business activity rose solidly in January, after having returned to growth in December. That said, the rate of expansion eased from the previous month. Activity increased across three of the four monitored sectors, the exception being wholesale and retail.
Signs of improving customer demand and a greater willingness among clients to commit to new projects supported the rise in output and also contributed to the growth of new orders. As was the case with activity, new business increased for the second month running, but at a softer pace than in December.
Companies were also much more optimistic regarding the future in January, with business expansion plans and marketing activities set to support output growth over the coming year. Although remaining relatively muted overall, the uplift in sentiment seen at the start of the year was the largest since the survey began just over 11 years ago.
There were signs of inflationary pressures softening in January. Although rates of increase in both input costs and output prices remained elevated, in both cases the rises were much weaker than seen in December. Overall input price inflation was the slowest since April 2024, while charges increased at the weakest pace in six months.
Efforts to satisfy customer requirements in a timely manner led companies to expand their staffing levels, purchasing activity and inventory holdings at the start of the year. In each case, the rises were the second in as many months. In particular, the accumulation of stocks of purchases was the most pronounced in just over a year and a half.
The attempts to get through projects quickly meant that firms were more successful in depleting backlogs of work, which decreased at a solid pace that was the most pronounced since June 2022. Finally, suppliers’ delivery times continued to shorten amid good arrangements with vendors and prompt payments.
“Nigeria’s private sector activity sustained its improvement in January 2025, albeit lower than levels seen in December 2024. We note an increase in both output (53.7 vs December 2024: 54.8) and new orders (52.6 vs December 2024: 53.2) although slightly weaker than that seen at the end of 2024, on account of improving customer demand and more willingness to commit to new projects.
“Given the rising new orders, companies took on additional workers in January – representing the second month running in which this has been the case.
“Elsewhere, input prices increased at a slower pace while the pace of increase in output prices is the slowest since July 2024.
Headline inflation averaged 33.18% y/y in 2024 from an average of 24.52% y/y in 2023 mostly driven by significant FX depreciation; renewed petrol price increases in line with full petrol price liberalization; structurally low food supplies exacerbated by high extreme weather conditions; and increased food demand, especially during the festive season.
“We expect a moderation in the inflation rate in 2025 although the pace of the moderation is only likely to be faster in late Q3:25. Notably, we expect headline inflation to average 30.5% y/y in 2025 and end the year at 27.1% y/y.
“In 2025, we project the non-oil sector to grow by 3.2% y/y from an estimated 3.0% y/y in 2024. Growth is likely to pick up across manufacturing and trade, while ICT and finance & insurance should continue to play a big role in economic performance.
“However, agriculture will likely still lag its long-term average amid lingering internal security challenges, high input costs, and extreme weather conditions. Within the manufacturing sector, cement, food and chemicals & pharmaceutical products are key sub-sectors that have been exceeding the manufacturing sector’s growth since Q4:22,” the Head of Equity Research West Africa at Stanbic IBTC Bank, Mr Muyiwa Oni, said.
By Adedapo Adesanya
The National Insurance Commission has issued new guidelines for the collection, management, and administration of the Insurance Policyholders’ Protection Fund.
In a circular issued to all insurance institutions on Tuesday, the regulator also set May 31, 2026, as the deadline for insurers to submit their assessment returns for the 2025 financial year.
Recall that on August 5, 2025, President Bola Tinubu signed into law the Nigerian Insurance Industry Reform Act ( NIIRA 2025).
This landmark legislation repeals the Insurance Act 2003, and consolidates related provisions, ushering in a modern regulatory framework. It lays a strong foundation for sustainable growth and increased investment in the country’s insurance sector.
The commission said the guidelines were issued in exercise of its powers under the 2025 Act and other existing insurance laws and regulations to provide regulatory clarity, improve guidance, and ensure ease of compliance across the industry.
According to NAICOM, the guidelines establish a comprehensive structure for the operation of the IPPF, which serves as a statutory safety net to protect insurance policyholders in the event of distress or insolvency of a licensed insurer or reinsurer. The framework also provides direction on the reimbursement of loans by insurers and reinsurers.
NAICOM stated, “The guidelines ensure regulatory clarity, guidance and ease of compliance, as it provides a comprehensive regulatory framework for the collection, management, and administration of the Fund, which serves as a statutory safety net designed to protect insurance policyholders against distress and insolvency of a licensed insurer or reinsurer, including guidance for the reimbursement of loans by an insurer or reinsurer.
“Please be informed that the IPPF Assessment Returns in respect of the year 2025 shall be submitted to the Commission not later than 31st May 2026, while subsequent submissions shall be in line with Section 4.3 of the Guideline on Insurance Policyholders Protection Fund.”
By Adedapo Adesanya
The Dangote Refinery on Wednesday returned the petrol price to N1,200 per litre, less than 24 hours after it increased it by 5 per cent.
The private refinery had raised the ex-depot price by N75 on Tuesday, citing pressure from volatile global oil markets, but quickly brought it back to N1,200 per litre from N1,275 per litre.
The swift downward review is directly linked to a sharp drop in international crude prices. Brent crude has plunged to $95.05 per barrel, after a 13 per cent decline, while the US West Texas Intermediate (WTI) crude closed at $97.18, recording nearly a 14 per cent drop.
This development comes after US President Donald Trump announced a conditional two-week ceasefire with Iran, which eased fears of immediate supply disruptions in the global oil market.
“This will be a double-sided CEASEFIRE!” Trump said on social media, marking a sharp reversal from his earlier warning that “a whole civilisation will die tonight” if Iran failed to comply with US demands.
Iran’s Foreign Minister, Mr Abbas Araqchi, confirmed that the country would halt attacks provided strikes against Iran cease and transit through the Strait of Hormuz is coordinated by Iranian forces.
Despite the breakthrough, tensions remain elevated across the region, with several Gulf states reporting missile launches, drone activity, or issuing civil defence warnings.
While oil prices have fallen back below $100, they remain significantly elevated after surging by a record amount in March. Market analysts noted that regardless of how successful the ceasefire is, geopolitical risk related to the Strait of Hormuz is likely to remain elevated for the foreseeable future under the control of Iran.
By Adedapo Adesanya
Crude oil deliveries from the Nigerian National Petroleum Company (NNPC) Limited to the Dangote Petroleum Refinery doubled in March, boosting prospects for improved fuel availability.
This was revealed by the chief executive of Dangote Industries Limited, Mr Aliko Dangote, on Tuesday, when he received the Deputy Secretary-General of the United Nations, Mrs Amina Mohammed, at the industrial complex in Ibeju-Lekki, Lagos.
While speaking on feedstock supply, Mr Dangote commended the NNPC for increasing crude deliveries to the refinery in March, noting that volumes rose to 10 cargoes—six supplied in Naira and four in Dollars—to support domestic fuel availability, according to a statement by the Refinery.
“Last month, they gave us six cargoes for Naira and four cargoes for Dollars,” he said.
Despite the improvement, Mr Dangote noted that the supply remains below the 19 cargoes required for optimal operations, with the refinery continuing to bridge the gap through imports from the United States and other African producers.
He also expressed concern over the unwillingness of international oil companies operating in Nigeria to sell to the refinery, stating that their preference for selling crude to traders forces it to repurchase at higher costs, with broader implications for the economy.
Mr Dangote added that the refinery is seeking increased access to domestically priced crude under local currency arrangements as part of efforts to moderate fuel costs and enhance long-term energy and food security across the continent.
On her part, Mrs Mohammed underscored the strategic importance of Dangote Industries Limited -particularly Dangote Fertiliser Limited—in addressing Africa’s mounting food security challenges, while calling for stronger global partnerships to scale its impact.
Mrs Mohammed said the United Nations would prioritise amplifying scalable solutions capable of mitigating the continent’s food crisis, describing Dangote’s integrated industrial model as a critical pathway.
“I think the UN’s job here is to amplify and to put visibility on the possibilities of mitigating a food security crisis, and this is one of them,” she said. “I hope that when we go back, we can continue to engage partners and countries that should collaborate with Dangote Industries.”
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