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Fitch Affirms First Bank’s B- Rating with Negative Outlook

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adesola adeduntan first bank

By Modupe Gbadeyanka

Renowned rating agency, Fitch Ratings, has announced affirming the Long-Term Issuer Default Ratings (IDR) of FBN Holdings Plc (FBNH) and First Bank of Nigeria Ltd (FBN).

A statement issued yesterday said the banks’ Viability Ratings (VR) have been affirmed at ‘B-‘ and the Support Ratings at ‘5’, while the the Long-Term National Ratings have been affirmed at ‘BB+(nga)’ with the outlooks negative.

FBN Holdings is the non-operating holding company which owns FBN. Its ratings are aligned with those of FBN, its main operating subsidiary.

Fitch said FBN’s ratings are driven by its standalone creditworthiness. Reducing the group’s dependence on contributions from FBN is a medium-term target.

Currently, FBN generates around 90% of group revenues, but the objective is to increase contributions from other subsidiaries over time. FBN represents around 95% of consolidated group assets.

FBN is one of Nigeria’s largest banks, with shares of 14% and 17% of banking sector loans and deposits, respectively.

Fitch noted that FBNH has a strong franchise but its asset quality is troubled and capital levels are not commensurate with risk, in its view, reflecting high impaired loans. In the past, the group’s business model was reliant on large, often oil-related, corporate lending. Risk-control deficiencies are being addressed by new management.

Gross loans represent slightly below half of FBNH’s balance sheet. Around 40% of gross loans are extended to the oil and gas sectors, many of which have been restructured.

The rating agency views that restructuring efforts made to align debt servicing schedules with projected cash flows appear reasonable and the performance of restructured loans appears to be holding up well.

It added that loan loss reserve coverage reached 52% of impaired loans at end-September 2017, low compared with the average for large Nigerian banks peers (around 90%). Unreserved impaired loans represented 36% of Fitch Core Capital (FCC). FBNH’s capital ratios are low compared with peers and capital weakness has a high influence on the ratings.

FBNH’s margins are in line with peer averages and cost/income ratios are reasonable, considering the bank’s large branch network, it said, adding that FBN’s ability to generate revenues at pre-impairment operating level is strong, but high impairment charges have impacted earnings and profitability in 2016 and 2017.

The structure of FBNH’s funding base is credit positive. Stable customer deposits, largely held at FBN and demonstrating considerable stability, represent around two-thirds of FBNH’s total deposits. FBNH’s funding costs are lower than peers, reflecting FBN’s strong retail franchise. Local currency liquidity ratios are consistently well above minimum regulatory limits, the rating firm stated.

Foreign currency(FC)-denominated borrowings, which represent around 5% of total funding, mainly comprise two Eurobond issues, maturing in August 2020 and July 2021.

It said access to international capital markets can be unsteady for Nigerian banks, exposing them to refinancing risks, but international banks continued to lend to FBN throughout 2016 when several Nigerian banks experienced tight FC liquidity positions. This is an indication of market confidence in the group which we view positively.

The Negative Outlook reflects pressure on capital arising from a still large amount of unreserved impaired loans, the rating agency headquartered in New York said.

Commenting further, Fitch said FBNH’s and FBN’s National Ratings reflect their creditworthiness relative to the country’s best credit and relative to peers operating in Nigeria.

In its report, Fitch said it believes that sovereign support to Nigerian banks cannot be relied on given Nigeria’s (B+/Negative) weak ability to provide support, particularly in FC.

In addition, there are no clear messages from the authorities regarding their willingness to support the banking system. Therefore, the Support Rating Floor of all Nigerian banks is ‘No Floor’ and all Support Ratings are ‘5’.

“This reflects our view that senior creditors cannot rely on receiving full and timely extraordinary support from the Nigerian sovereign if any of the banks become non-viable,” it said.

The subordinated debt issued by FBN Finance B.V., a special purpose company established by the group for the purpose of debt issuance, is rated one notch below FBN’s VR. Recoveries on the notes in the event of default are considered to be below average, as evidenced by a Recovery Rating (RR) of ‘RR5’.

FBN’s and FBNH’s ratings are primarily sensitive to a change in the level of loan loss reserve cover. At present, unreserved impaired loans weigh on capital adequacy and this has a high influence on the ratings. Once asset quality trends demonstrate sustained improvement, loan loss reserves cover a larger proportion of impaired loans, and assuming the operating environment does not deteriorate, the Outlook on the ratings would no longer be Negative and upgrades could be envisaged. If key weaknesses are addressed, FBNH and FBN could achieve multi-notch upgrades because their ratings are well below their natural levels considering FBN’s size and position within Nigeria’s banking sector.

A downgrade could result from further weakness in already limited capital buffers, which could threaten FBN’s viability. Given the positive trends in asset quality improvement and capital retention, this is not our base case.

The SR is potentially sensitive to any change in assumptions around the propensity or ability of the sovereign to provide timely support to the bank.

Ratings assigned to the subordinated notes are on Rating Watch Positive (RWP). If modifiers are introduced to the ‘CCC’ IDR category, as proposed by Fitch’s exposure draft on Global Banking Criteria published on 12 December 2017, the subordinated notes would be rated ‘CCC+’, maintaining the one-notch differential with FBN’s VR.

Modupe Gbadeyanka is a fast-rising journalist with Business Post Nigeria. Her passion for journalism is amazing. She is willing to learn more with a view to becoming one of the best pen-pushers in Nigeria. Her role models are the duo of CNN's Richard Quest and Christiane Amanpour.

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Banking

Zenith Bank Marks 2026 World Environment Day With Lagos Clean-up Drive

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Zenith Bank Adaora Umeoji

By Modupe Gbadeyanka

Zenith Bank Plc has joined other global corporations to commemorate the 2026 World Environment Day with a two-phase environmental clean-up initiative in Lagos State.

The financial institution participated in the commemoration under the global theme Inspired by Nature. For Climate. For Our Future through a two-day event.

In the first phase, which was a morning clean-up conducted by staff of the Bank on Wednesday, 3 June 2026, along Ajose Adeogun Street, Victoria Island, Lagos, employees of the lender cleared waste, sensitised residents on proper disposal practices, and reinforced the bank’s culture of community service and environmental stewardship.

The second day, participants engaged in a waterways clean-up at the Falomo Waterways, Ikoyi, Lagos. This was in collaboration with the Lagos Waste Management Authority (LAWMA) and the Lagos State Waterways Authority (LASWA). The joint effort focused on removing marine debris, promoting cleaner waterways, and supporting the state’s broader climate-resilience agenda.

“At Zenith Bank, sustainability is integral to how we operate. Clearing our streets and our waterways is a practical reminder that protecting the environment is a shared responsibility – and one we are proud to take up alongside LAWMA and LASWA.

“Through these exercises, we are taking deliberate action to preserve our communities, support climate action, and inspire others to act. Our operations will continue to align with global environmental standards as we build a more sustainable future for Nigeria and Africa,” the chief executive of Zenith Bank, Ms Adaora Umeoji, stated.

Zenith Bank says it remains committed to embedding Environmental, Social and Governance (ESG) principles across its operations, investing in green initiatives, energy efficiency, and community-focused programmes, in line with its commitment to environmental sustainability and responsible business practices.

These efforts advance the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals – particularly SDG 7 (Affordable and Clean Energy), SDG 11 (Sustainable Cities and Communities) and SDG 13 (Climate Action). Sustainability remains an operational imperative across the Bank’s Nigerian base and its broader African, UK and European footprints.

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Moniepoint CEO Advocates Using Transaction Data to Unlock Financing for SMEs

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Moniepoint Tosin Eniolorunda

By Modupe Gbadeyanka

The need to consider the usage of transaction data to design credit products for millions of small businesses in Nigeria has been emphasised by the chief executive of Moniepoint Incorporated, Mr Tosin Eniolorunda.

Speaking at a panel session at the launch of the Nigeria Payments System Vision 2028 (PSV 2028) by the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) recently, the Moniepoint chief said transactions from the payments ecosystem could be tracked to unlock economic survival for millions of underserved businesses that have been historically shut out of formal credit markets.

PSV 2028 is a framework aimed at setting priorities and direction for the country’s payments infrastructure over the coming years, with financial inclusion, resilience, and innovation among its core pillars.

According to the CBN governor, Mr Yemi Cardoso, the new framework builds on Nigeria’s progress in digital payments and seeks to accelerate the country’s transition towards a more inclusive, technology-driven ecosystem as it continues to lead Africa’s digital payments ecosystem.

At the panel, Eniolorunda noted that “I believe the next phase of growth will come from layering services like credit onto existing payment flows, using the visibility and trust already built through financial transactions.”

Speaking on the power of payment infrastructure as a foundation for broader financial services, he argued that the data generated by payment systems, when used responsibly, holds the key to making credit faster and more accessible for underserved businesses.

“One of the most powerful things about payment infrastructure is the data it creates. When used responsibly, it can help unlock quicker and more accessible credit for businesses that have historically been underserved. For many small businesses, access has always been the real barrier,” he said.

“Achieving the ambitions of PSV 2028 will require regulators, banks, fintechs, and ecosystem players working together with a shared long-term vision,” Mr Eniolorunda added, echoing Governor Cardoso’s warning against the country’s historic “start-stop” policy cycles.

“Over the past two decades, Nigeria’s payments ecosystem has evolved into one of the most dynamic and innovative in the world. From instant payments and digital adoption to fintech-led innovation, our progress has often set the pace on the continent. While this progress has not always been fully reflected in global narratives, its impact on economic activities, financial inclusion, and system resilience is evident across our economy,” he said.

Business Post learned that the panel was moderated by the chief executive of Sterling Bank, Mr Abubakar Suleiman, and also featured the chief executive of the Nigeria Inter-Bank Settlement System (NIBSS) Plc, Mr Premier Oiwoh; his counterparts at Remita Payment Services Limited (RPSL), Mr Deremi Atanda; and Shared Agent Network Expansion Facilities (SANEF) Limited, Mrs Uche Uzoebo, among others.

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Ecobank Floats $450m Nature Bond for Sustainable Agric Businesses, Others

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Ecobank Back2School loans

By Aduragbemi Omiyale

The world’s first ICMA commercial bank-issued Nature Bond has been launched by Ecobank Group to mobilise global capital for the protection of Africa’s natural ecosystems.

The debt instrument, up to $450 million, will be tradable on the London Stock Exchange (LSE), creating a new route for international and African capital to ​protect Africa’s biodiversity.

The bond will ​support African farmers, sustainable agriculture businesses and water systems,​ protecting some of the planet’s most important ecosystems.

Africa is home to some of the world’s most important natural capital, including arable land, tropical forests, freshwater systems and biodiversity across hundreds of millions of hectares. But, until now, private nature capital has not flowed to Africa at the scale the continent’s ecological significance warrants​ in global ecological resilience. Despite hosting 25 per cent of global biodiversity, Africa receives less than 3 per cent of nature finance​.

Ecobank’s Nature Bond​ is a direct response to this gap. It​ will support smallholder farmers adopting sustainable agricultural practices, agri-processors with verified deforestation-free supply chains, and water infrastructure protecting freshwater ecosystems relied upon by millions of people.

Unlike many conservation-focused financing vehicles, Ecobank’s Nature Bond channels capital directly through Africa’s real economy — financing businesses and communities whose day-to-day activities shape environmental outcomes at scale.

The investments will be made in 24 markets, with significant deployment in biodiversity-priority countries such as Côte d’Ivoire, Burkina Faso and Ghana. Importantly, 81 per cent of the eligible lending pool is allocated to countries where agricultural land-use change is the primary driver of biodiversity loss, helping direct capital to the areas where it can have the greatest environmental impact.

The framework also incorporates independent monitoring and verification mechanisms, including deforestation screening and supply chain traceability requirements, helping ensure that financed activities deliver measurable nature-positive outcomes. Every eligible loan carries seven independently verified sustainability conditions.

A Nature Bond, under the ICMA secondary designation,​ requires proceeds to actively contribute to nature-positive outcomes, including transforming economic activities to reduce the drivers of nature loss at scale.

The Nature Bond was designed to reach those that conservation-focused instruments were not designed to serve – farmers, agri-processors and water operators whose daily activities collectively determine ecosystem outcomes.

While green bonds typically finance a broad range of environmental objectives, the Nature Bond designation focuses the use of proceeds specifically on nature-related outcomes, including biodiversity, sustainable agriculture, land use and water infrastructure.

“This transaction is a defining moment for African sustainable finance. Investors did not just support this bond. They demanded more of it, allowing us to increase the size and tighten pricing.

“We are not a bank that simply labels bonds. We have spent four years building the systems, governance and accountability needed to make nature finance credible and scalable in Africa.

“This bond is ultimately about the farmers, cooperatives and communities whose livelihoods depend on healthy ecosystems,” the chief executive of Ecobank Group, Mr Jeremy Awori, stated.

On her part, the Head of Sustainability and ESRM at Ecobank Transnational Incorporated, Ms Rachael Antwi, said, “Nature finance will only scale in Africa if it is practical, measurable and connected to the real economy. This bond is designed to do that by linking international capital to eligible lending for sustainable agriculture and water infrastructure across 24 countries. It reflects the systems and standards Ecobank has built to ensure nature finance supports both environmental resilience and the communities whose livelihoods depend on healthy ecosystems.”

Business Post gathered that the $450 million bond was priced following strong investor demand, with the final orderbook exceeding $1.36 billion, almost 400 per cent of the original target size. The strength of demand enabled Ecobank to increase the transaction by $100 million and tighten pricing by 50 basis points.

The transaction attracted support from both international and African investors, demonstrating Ecobank’s unique ability to mobilise capital across global and African markets.

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