Economy
How to Build an Investment Portfolio
By FBNQuest
Every investor who desires to build and grow wealth should have an investment portfolio. Wealth creation efforts are less likely to succeed if they are approached haphazardly, so building an investment portfolio is a great way to add the necessary strategy and intention to these efforts.
An investment portfolio, simply defined, is a collection of all the assets an investor owns. It can be likened to a roof under which you house all your investments. A good investment portfolio will be diversified and contain a wide variety of assets such as stocks, bonds, mutual funds, real estate, fine art, gold etc.
Types of Investment Portfolios
There are five major types of investment portfolios and they are built by taking the financial goals and risk appetite of the investor into consideration.
The Aggressive Portfolio – This type of portfolio is specially designed for investors with a high tolerance for risk. Investments that fall under this category are high risk but also have the potential to yield high returns. High beta stocks are an example of this kind of asset. They are more volatile and experience a greater fluctuation in price when compared to the overall market.
The Defensive Portfolio – This category is for people who have a low-risk appetite. Building a defensive portfolio usually involves investing in stocks of companies that will stay in business no matter what. These are companies that make products that are important for everyday survival.
The Income Portfolio – The goal of an income portfolio is to generate positive cash flow. This includes stocks that pay regular dividends and provide a steady source of income for the investor. An income portfolio can serve as a great supplement to an investor’s salary or retirement income.
The Speculative Portfolio – This portfolio is also tailored to an investor with a high-risk tolerance. It basically involves pre-empting which stocks are likely to do well. An example of speculative investment is an initial public offering (IPO) of a new tech company. Financial advisors usually advise investors against putting more than 10 per cent of their investment funds into such assets.
The Hybrid Portfolio – The hybrid portfolio, as the name implies, is a combination of different assets. This portfolio encourages diversification and provides the investor with a diversified portfolio which can include stocks, mutual funds, bonds, commodities, real estate, and even art. This portfolio category comes with the advantage of flexibility for the investor; it also reduces the negative impact of losses from one asset class.
How to start building an investment portfolio
Building an investment portfolio can seem like an uphill task, but it does not have to be. The first step is to identify your financial goals. As Bloomberg financial analyst and Chief Investment Officer of Ritholtz Wealth Management LLC, Barry Ritholtz aptly points out: “When it comes to investing, there is no such thing as a one-size-fits-all portfolio.”
Identifying your unique goals will determine if your money should go into short-term or long-term investments. It will also predict what kind of portfolio would be best suited to your needs. A portfolio tailored towards retirement will be different from one that is intended to provide income within the next five years.
It is also important to assess your risk tolerance. If you are risk-averse, this means you are careful about putting your money at risk for promising rewards. Therefore, your money should be invested as safely and predictably as possible. However, if you have a high tolerance for risk, you are open to taking risks for the possibility of making greater returns.
Once this is completed, you would need to honestly examine your investing skills, to establish whether you can build a portfolio yourself or would require the support of a Financial Adviser.
The next step is to decide on asset allocation. How much of your money will go into each investment? How do you plan to balance your portfolio and continue to diversify as time goes on? These are all questions that must be answered and it’s advisable to seek the help of a professional for this stage of the process.
In conclusion, the major keys to keep in mind when building an investment portfolio are to identify your goals, assess your risk appetite and talk to an expert. Ready support is available to you, as FBNQuest offers a variety of investment products and is available to offer advice to investors based on their risk appetite.
By Dipo Olowookere
Nigerian stocks shrank by 0.02 per cent as a result of renewed selling pressure, after the consumer goods index crumbled by 0.89 per cent, and the banking space contracted by 0.23 per cent.
Business Post reports that the Nigerian Exchange (NGX) Limited weakened yesterday despite the energy sector closing 1.78 per cent higher, the insurance segment increasing by 0.31 per cent, and the industrial goods counter closing flat.
The All-Share Index (ASI) eased by 44.83 points to 200,913.06 points from 200,957.89 points, and the market capitalisation decreased by N29 billion to N128.969 trillion from N128.998 trillion.
eTranzact lost 10.00 per cent to trade at N20.70, Abbey Mortgage Bank declined by 10.00 per cent to N9.90, Cadbury Nigeria retreated by 10.00 per cent to N63.00, Eterna also fell by 10.00 per cent to N33.75, and DAAR Communications dipped by 9.50 per cent to N1.81.
Conversely, Premier Paints appreciated by 9.97 per cent to N37.50, Zichis gained 9.97 per cent to trade at N13.79, McNichols improved by 9.93 per cent to N7.42, John Holt chalked up 9.86 per cent to close at N18.95, and Trans Nationwide Express went up by 9.75 per cent to N2.59.
On the last day of the week, 595.2 million equities valued at N24.5 billion were transacted in 43,440 deals versus the 678.1 million equities worth N33.1 billion traded in 42,222 deals in the previous session.
This showed an improvement in the number of deals by 2.89 per cent, and a cut in the trading volume and value by 12.22 per cent and 25.98 per cent, respectively.
Wema Bank ended the day as the busiest stock after a turnover of 131.5 million units worth N3.5 billion, Legend Internet traded 41.6 million units valued at N339.2 million, Zichis sold 35.2 million units for N485.6 million, Access Holdings exchanged 29.4 million units worth N764.8 million, and Japaul transacted 21.5 million units valued at N74.6 million.
By Adedapo Adesanya
A loss recorded by market bellwether, Central Securities Clearing System (CSCS) Plc, outweighed the presence of three price gainers, weakening the NASD Over-the-Counter (OTC) Securities Exchange by 0.73 per cent on Friday, March 27.
The Nigerian securities depository firm lost N6.27 during the session to close at N80.10 per share compared with the previous day’s N86.37 per share.
As a result, the market capitalisation shrank by N18.41 billion to N2.512 trillion from the previous session’s N2.531 trillion, and the NASD Unlisted Security Index (NSI) declined by 30.77 points to 4,199.69 points from 4,230.46 points.
The green side of the price movement log showed 11 Plc appreciating by N31.92 to N351.17 per unit from N319.25 per unit, Nigeria Mortgage Refinance Company Plc (NMRC) rose by 55 Kobo to sell at N6.05 per share compared with Thursday’s closing price of N5.50 per share, and IPWA Plc recorded a 50 Kobo growth to end at N5.51per unit, in contrast to the preceding day’s N5.01 per unit.
When the bourse closed for the day, there was a 17,067.5 per cent surge in the voluime of transactions to 58.6 million units from 342,825 units, the value of trades increased by 6,895.4 per cent in the value of securities traded as it closed at N1.6 billion compared to N23.0 million, and the number of deals executed at the session rose 85.2 per cent to 50 deals compared to the preceding session’s 27 deals.
CSCS Plc remained the most active stock by value on a year-to-date basis with 56.2 million units exchanged for N3.8 billion, Infrastructure Guarantee Credit Plc followed with 400 million units valued at N1.2 billion, and Okitipupa Plc came next with 6.5 million units traded at N1.2 billion.
Resourcery Plc closed the trading session as the most traded stock by volume on a year-to-date basis with 1.1 billion units sold for N415.7 million, followed by Infrastructure Credit Plc with 400 million units sold for N1.2 billion, and Geo-Fluids Plc with 133.0 million units at N511.1 million.
By Adedapo Adesanya
The Naira maintained stability against the United States Dollar in the black market segment of the foreign exchange (FX) market on Friday, March 27, data obtained by Business Post showed. It also remained unchanged at the GTBank FX counter at N1,401/$1.
However, it further appreciated in the Nigerian Autonomous Foreign Exchange Market (NAFEX) during the session by N3.30 or 0.2 per cent to N1,380.58/$1 from the previous day’s rate of N1,383.88/$1.
In the same vein, the domestic currency improved its value against the Pound Sterling in the spot market yesterday by N10.77 to trade at N1,836.99/$1 compared with the preceding session’s N1,847.76/£1, and gained N5.06 against the Euro to sell at N1,592.08/€1 versus N1,597.14/€1.
The Naira remains under pressure, but the current range indicates a form of stability as the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) reiterated its promise to anchor reforms around FX rate stability and stronger reserves to support financial markets.
Amid the currency pressures, the apex bank introduced a series of measures aimed at improving liquidity and strengthening the FX market. In a key move, the apex bank removed the cash pooling requirement for International Oil Companies (IOCs), allowing them full access to their repatriated export proceeds from the previous 50 per cent.
However, the country could see less short-term Dollar supply staying in the country and may invite pressure on the Naira if outflows exceed inflows.
The pressure on the currency comes amid a sustained decline in Nigeria’s external reserves, which provide the central bank with the buffer to support the naira. The reserves fell for the ninth consecutive day to $49.48 billion as of March 26, 2026, marking a decline of $540 million, or 1.08 per cent, from $50.02 billion recorded on March 11.
Meanwhile, the cryptocurrency market tumbled on Friday due to a broader sell-off in US equities, which recorded a $17 trillion loss. The Friday plunge fits into a pattern since the war in Iran broke out, with gains on Monday turning into losses by the end of the week.
Ethereum (ETH) depreciated by 3.2 per cent to $2,003.73, Bitcoin (BTC) fell by 3.1 per cent to $66,439.48, Solana (SOL) dropped by 2.9 per cent to $83.44, Cardano (ADA) crashed to $0.2474, Binance Coin (BNB) went down by 2.4 per cent to $613.17, TRON (TRX) dipped 1.5 per cent to $0.3113, Dogecoin (DOGE) declined by 1.4 per cent to $0.0908, and Ripple (XRP) slumped 1.4 per cent to sell at $1.33, while the US Dollar Tether (USDT) and the US Dollar Coin (USDC) closed flat at $1.00 each.
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