Economy
Index Reports Six Quarter High in Business Confidence
By Dipo Olowookere
A resurgence in economic confidence was experienced by credit professionals in the final quarter of 2016, according to the UK’s latest Credit Managers’ Index (CMI). Yet bad debt remains a risk with only 13% of credit managers expecting a decline in 2017.
Full results from the quarterly barometer of the Chartered Institute of Credit Management (CICM) have now been released; the CMI’s headline Index closed up 0.5 points to 59.8, ending a successive three-quarter fall. It is the highest result since Q2 2015 and only the fifth time in the CMI’s seven-year history it has climbed above 59.0.
The Index measures confidence in manufacturing (up 6.2 points to 61.2) and services (up 3.6 points to 59.0), in what Philip King, Chief Executive of the CICM, highlights as rising optimism from credit professionals across the board:
“What is also good to see is the Index is back on its historical tracking of the FTSE All Share, following the brief and negative divergence in Q3 2016,” he says.
The CMI retracted by 1.4% in Q3 while the All Share rose 2.3%. “This compares to the CMI’s 8.1% and All Share’s 3.1% rises in Q4,” Mr King adds. “Which means the CMI has easily mitigated its Q3 losses, and is now back on track with one of the UK’s most important measures of economic confidence.”
The CMI, sponsored by trade credit risk management experts Tinubu Square, is important because it gauges nationwide levels of credit being sought and granted by credit managers across the UK and acts as a primary indicator of actual levels of business being conducted. It consistently maps the FTSE All Share Index and the EU Economic Sentiment Indicator.
The survey also found 32% of respondents saw bad debts increase across 2016, with only 13% expecting bad debts to drop in 2017. 20% expect debts to continue rising, but most worryingly a further 28% remain unsure about how debts will change, and are budgeting for rises.
Michael Feldwick, Head of Tinubu Square UK, said: “The findings reflect conversations we are having across sectors, where there is a general concern about debt continuing to rise. Some seem more concerned than others however, such as the construction industry. It particular highlights the need to monitor and manage trade credit risks closely, some customers are telling us that trade credit insurers appear to be slowly becoming more cautious as their loss ratio and cost ratio increases.”
Further analysis of the results show regional differentiation – Wales, Northern Ireland and Yorkshire and Humber have all dipped below a 52-point threshold; six regions including the North West, South West and East Midlands are reporting scores of over 60.0 points; and London (which fell to a concerning 50.2 in Q3 2016) has risen over the threshold to close at 59.0.
“It is very important for London as the driving force of the UKs economy to display positive results, and it is good news to see that its decrease was only short-term,” Mr King adds.
Of the 19 sectors measured in the CMI, 16 have a CMI score above the 52-point threshold. Only Personal and Household Goods (44.0), Automobiles and Parts (45.0) and Banks (47.0) reported lower than hoped-for results.
“Meanwhile, volatility levels are continuing to stabilise and that may signal a positive future in terms of economic confidence and the outlook for growth,” Mr King continues. “But the uncertain geo-political circumstances surrounding the new US administration and Brexit have the ability to do lasting damage to our economic indicators.”
The CMI is a diffusion Index, producing scores of between one and 100 (typically in a range of 40 – 60). Ten equally weighted factors are included – three favourable and seven unfavourable and the Index is calculated on a simple average of the 10 factors.
By Adedapo Adesanya
The last trading session of the week at the Nigerian Autonomous Foreign Exchange Market (NAFEX) ended on a negative note for the Naira on Friday, May 15, as it lost N15 Kobo or 0.1 per cent against the Dollar to trade at N1,371.04/$1 compared with the previous day’s N1,370.89/$1.
However, it further appreciated against the Pound Sterling in the same market segment yesterday by N20.77 to close at N1,830.61/£1 versus Thursday’s value of N1,851.38/£1, and gained N7.91 against the Euro to settle at N1,595.07/€1 versus N1,602.98/€1.
At the GTBank FX desk, the Naira lost N2 against the US Dollar during the session to sell at N1,383/$1 compared with the preceding session’s N1,381/$1, and at the black market, it remained unchanged at N1,385/$1.
The Naira is forecast to be broadly stable, supported by Dollar sales by the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) amid steady, higher oil receipts, with the market settling into a balance.
Policy direction is also expected to give the market some boost as the CBN said the new edition of the FX market guidelines will deepen liquidity, improve transparency and strengthen confidence in the country’s foreign exchange market.
According to the Governor of the CBN, Mr Yemi Cardoso, the update is due to changing global economic realities, domestic reforms and the need for a more coherent and forward-looking regulatory framework. According to him, the last edition of the FX manual was issued in 2018, making the latest review both timely and necessary.
Meanwhile, the cryptocurrency market plunged into the red zone as rising bond yields hit risk assets across markets, while traders are increasingly betting the Federal Reserve may need to raise rates again. Rising energy prices and resurging inflation could force central banks back into tightening mode.
Cardano (ADA) shrank by 4.4 per cent to $0.2557, Dogecoin (DOGE) slid by 3.7 per cent to $0.1104, Ripple (XRP) depreciated by 3.5 per cent to $1.41, Solana (SOL) crashed by 3.5 per cent to $87.81, and Binance Coin (BNB) slumped by 3.4 per cent to $659.64.
Further, Bitcoin (BTC) declined by 2.6 per cent to $78,547.49, Ethereum (ETH) lost 2.1 per cent to quote at $2,209.19, and TRON (TRX) tumbled by 0.7 per cent to $0.3509, while the US Dollar Tether (USDT) and the US Dollar Coin (USDC) traded flat at $1.00 each.
By Adedapo Adesanya
Oil prices gained more than 3 per cent on Friday, after comments by US President Donald Trump and Iran’s foreign minister further dented hopes of a deal.
Brent crude settled at $109.26 a barrel after chalking up $3.54 or 3.35 per cent, and the US West Texas Intermediate (WTI) finished at $105.42 a barrel, up $4.25 or 4.2 per cent. Over the week, Brent has climbed 7.84 per cent and WTI 10.48 per cent on uncertainty over the shaky ceasefire in the Iran war.
President Trump said he was running out of patience with Iran and has agreed with Chinese President Xi Jinping that the Middle East nation cannot be allowed to have a nuclear weapon and must reopen the Strait of Hormuz, which is the waterway where about a fifth of the world’s oil and liquefied natural gas normally passes.
On his part, Iran’s Foreign Minister Abbas Araqchi said on Friday that it does not trust the US and is interested in negotiating only if the US is serious, adding that Iran is prepared to go back to fighting but also prepared for diplomatic solutions.
On the US-China front, while the Chinese President did not directly make a comment on Iran, a statement from the foreign ministry spoke out against the conflict.
Among the deals the market was looking for from the US-China summit, President Trump said China wants to buy oil from the US, also saying he could lift sanctions on Chinese companies that buy Iranian oil.
Iran’s Revolutionary Guards said 30 vessels had crossed the strait between Wednesday evening and Thursday, far from 140 a day that was typical before the war. Two of the 30 vessels that reportedly cleared the Strait of Hormuz earlier this week were tankers, one en route to Japan and the other headed to China.
A prolonged closure of the Strait of Hormuz points toward tighter physical markets, potential refined product shortages, and upward pressure on prices in the coming weeks and months.
Even though the Organisation of the Petroleum Exporting Countries and its allies (OPEC+) announced production increases in recent weeks, traders saw little immediate benefit because many barrels still cannot move efficiently through the Gulf region.
By Adedapo Adesanya
Nigeria received its first credit rating upgrade since 2012 from S&P Global Ratings, driven by improved oil market conditions and the country’s growing ability to refine and export crude locally.
The credit ratings agency upgraded the country’s rating by one notch to B, five levels below investment grade, according to a statement on Friday.
It raised its long-term foreign and local currency sovereign credit ratings on Nigeria to ‘B’ from ‘B-‘ and affirmed its ‘B’ short-term ratings. It also raised its long- and short-term Nigeria national scale ratings on the sovereign to ‘ngA+/ngA-1’ from ‘ngBBB+/ngA-2’.
S&P also cited Nigeria’s decision to liberalise the exchange rate as crucial to the development, and changed the outlook to stable.
The decision also comes as the federal government ruled out the reintroduction of subsidies on refined petroleum products, in order to avoid a return to larger budgetary deficits and drains on foreign currency (FX) liquidity.
S&P projected the general government deficit will widen to over 4 per cent of GDP on average during 2026 and 2027, a year of a general election.
It added that the implementation of reforms to broaden the tax base from very narrow levels is underpinning a steady decline in Nigeria’s debt-to-revenue ratio to 338 per cent in 2026 versus 500 per cent in 2023.
The agency said it could raise ratings over the next two years if fiscal outcomes improve significantly, either due to fiscal consolidation or structurally higher revenue, resulting in lower debt service costs.
It, however, warned that it could also lower the ratings if the implementation of Nigeria’s reform programme, particularly the series of critical steps taken to liberalise the exchange rate in 2023, reverses.
On the oil production forecast, S&P expects 2026 production to average approximately 1.66 million barrels per day, including condensates.
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