Feature/OPED
Christianity, COVID-19, History, Philosophy & Atheism: Predicting 2020 – 3020
By Nneka Okumazie
If Christ’s second coming does not happen soon, to immediately set in the Book of Revelation, there are likelihoods for the next one thousand years.
The reason for this prognostication is how lost many are in the maximum of present day capability, knowledge, power, problems, etc.
History is forgotten and future is disregarded. A century is diminutive in a larger scope, but a millennium explains better.
The last one ending 1999 was thoroughly eventful.
That thousand years starting in 1000AD could be referred to as M1-AD. This current millennium can be referred to as M2-AD, then next as M3-AD, etc.
M1 is parallel to M2, but lots of significant events of M1 are yet to happen. Some have, in another fashion, seen with common denominators.
There are lots of knowledge javelins, questioning, discrediting and creating new philosophies. But the fiercest of reasoning forgets its recent history – in elevating its own truth.
For most of M1, starting with the Renaissance, lots of thinkers came out against the Christian faith and the Scriptures. Many continue till present arguing against the faith of total morality.
Many debate the possible origins of morality without Christianity, but whatever their debate says, no speech or writing till the end of this earth will – independently – match the totality of the sermon on the mount.
Yes, people are free to use logic and science to question the existence of God, a spirit. But atheists or those in their beliefs should write their own book based on history on the last one thousand years.
They should write about events, mistakes, assumptions, collapse, wars, etc. They must not include anything about the church. If they do, to paint the church in a bad light, they must also include the contributions of the church to progress, those the church supported and great things it set in motion.
It is true that the church made mistakes, for example, in dismissal of other ideas about the solar system.
That came in centuries of fighting ‘heresy’ but the church did not stop the progress of science – in general, neither did it affect space exploration when complete knowledge for progress was ripe.
True Christianity is never the problem of the world. It is possible that people misinterpret the scriptures, speak or act in defensive ways against obedience to Christ, or make mistakes, but the real problem is always something else – not Jesus.
When some people are sometimes in crisis, they often think what they need now is not Christianity.
They often forget that no matter their problems, there are problems they don’t have. They often also forget a time they had power to do whatever they chose.
Christ came out of the purest of love. It may be hard to comprehend. But God is love.
So much energy is expended to question Christianity, forgetting that discrediting the faith of the good news that preaches pure love, joy, peace, patience, kindness, goodness, faith, gentleness, self-control, makes some hate doing any right thing associated with Christianity.
Through history, the absence of the pure morality of Christianity worsens major collapse.
In the last millennium how did problems or non-problems got worse with these headers: sexual immorality, moral impurity, promiscuity, idolatry, sorcery, hatreds, strife, jealousy, outbursts of anger, selfish ambitions, dissensions, factions, envy, drunkenness, carousing, and anything similar.
The philosophers of the enlightenment, who thought they knew enough to question the Scriptures, didn’t have the know-how to develop modern technologies, even if they had vague imaginations.
Still, many will not accept the truth in the scriptures, in spite of how limited knowledge is.
Assuming modern day science can solve all problems, answer all questions, cure all diseases and cover every ethical weakness, one aspect of frail knowledge is economics.
Economics, touted as the shaper of free enterprise, has required many individuals or businesses to do all sorts of unethical stuff, or things that cannot be reported, just to survive. So, while it is true that economics is the jewel, sticking with it to have a sustainable business has been tougher for many than could be said. Yet, no adjustments in economics against these extra factors, to make the laws of economics provide new ways to play by the rules, and not fail, or make huge losses.
Also, there is no way that knowledge or new massive theories of economics can be designed to make illegal drug trade disobey the laws of demand and supply, as another way to fight drug overdose – growing across, including the budding acceptance of micro-dosing.
The natural selection of free market economics has rendered many people near useless, because they don’t have the value that makes them qualify for jobs, or get better working conditions or perks.
Universal Basic Income – a budding policy proposal, though could really be useful – won’t fill the void when many in a population have nothing to do, seeming like an unwanted economic conscription.
So, how would everyone – of age, become valuable to the labour market, in diverse ways, to make them fit into roles, or provide a channel for what they can do or join.
There are no new – major – economics ideas on these, looking into the field to shape and reshape known flaws. Lots of papers make the case for designer free stuff, but if people – skilled or unskilled don’t fit, no free stuff will change much, in unpredictability of what those who are left out would do.
Yet, many assume the supremacy of knowledge when economics, a major area of knowledge is starving of ideas that are as important to how the world would be better, with less strife, wickedness, envy, greed, etc.
It is possible that the reason there are no ideas on what to do with the ‘unemployable’ or under-employed people across countries is because the knowledge has not been released.
Yes, it can be argued [against] that knowledge is released from anywhere, but what would have stopped the innovations and change in the Renaissance to have happened in the millennium before? Also, why was it that some imaginations of that time only became technically possible centuries later?
Is it not possible that with centuries is knowledge released, or knowledge increasing?
Also, is it not possible that there are often two ends of knowledge released, or as knowledge increases, unanticipated problems show up, or another end of dangerous knowledge also follows?
If knowledge increases, and some ideas are unavailable now, aren’t they likely in eight centuries?
Also, if some of the smartest thinkers were alive during the Bubonic Plague(s) and star scientists during the 1918 flu, yet they could not contrive something fast to stop the deaths, is it not possible that most scientists can only think what they can think, or do what they can do, not everything?
In general, if knowledge increases, and knowledge is released, and those coming will be able to ‘see’ those in history and probably know better, why can people in any century be able to conclusively say the resurrection of Christ, the Savoir does not match their limited reasoning?
[2 Peter 3:8, But, beloved, be not ignorant of this one thing, that one day is with the Lord as a thousand years, and a thousand years as one day.]
The United States: The United States is likely to remain the dominant power for another century, and probably beyond. But it is likely a remote advanced country in the South could need its help in a crisis and some Americans would move there, and may be settle but would likely be a place for majority of the future Americans mid-M2, if things change.
Europe: Domination and power is likely to return to Europe within the first half of this millennium. It is easy to guess that authority would be in Germany, but another country hard to predict may emerge.
Middle East: The Arab Spring was like a warning to what would come for the region this century, as it may have its own religious reformation, new states, and those who would take out grievances on their own people. It is also likely that at least one major country would overplay its power for religious intolerance, with oppression of others, but result in a major war – breaking the country. It is also possible there’ll be major powers to become foes occupying another’s territory – in the next century.
Others: There might strange natural disasters in some places, as climate change becomes ‘normal.’ Some places will get to a point of progress that their poverty won’t matter. Some would beat poverty. Other will remain in poverty. Some would have pandemics within their space. Some would be neutral zones in pandemics. Some would become spaces where others would build a new country. Some would face major secessions. Some would become armed republics. Some would become regions of intense conflict, etc. in the coming years and hundreds of years.
Technology: It is likely that another existence that will become as intelligent as humans will be an animal. If it’s an animal, it may not be domestic or what can be easily guessed. It is unlikely that a general intelligence will be Artificial, or computers. The dream of Artificial General Intelligence is likely to be on the radar of engineers, but if not elusive, may not be necessary.
The weakness of technology is already false information, fakes and conspiracy theories. These will be the Achilles heels of tech hamstringing progress, far more than the church ever tried to. There will also be lots of misdirected and misguided developments that will become troublesome. There might be so many covert sciences – throwing out ethics that will lead to mistakes, or for use as deterrent.
In this century at least, new models of whistle-blowers and privacy breaches will weaken trust in technology, institutions and make many distance from it.
Though technology will bring new great innovation easing lives and helping people, but just like legal notices are clear from the start, so will ethics and transparency have to be extremely clear from the beginning, almost to a painful point.
Science will have unexpected collapse of certainty, where scientific instruments or proven knowledge will be erroneous – in the face of problems. For example, the initial rapacity for mechanical ventilators, for COVID-19 patients, until it didn’t matter to keep many alive.
Though more old diseases will get curable, mutations and replications are likely to become more worrying. Adjustments to green energy are also likely to grow.
Psychology: The world is already in a collapse of mind and behaviour. Lots of people are in a crisis of emptiness. Some are nominally depressed and others have anxiety and other disorders.
Dependence on technology is likely to make this century one of failure for psychology in a manner resulting in all kinds of mind and behavioural suddenness and actions that cannot be explained.
There will, at least, be a century of great psychology, probably from 2250, or beyond, that would look back to this era, and wonder how a people became crushed by their own invention, while thinking they were living in the best time to be alive.
Though psychotherapy will take new forms, and more people will find ways to keep their minds light, but, place in history and usefulness for the future can become pivotal in easing anxieties for people.
Also, for lots of people, pornògraphy will become a recruitment tool for homòsexuality.
Many would be triggered by images of something else, or what another experience would bring – after exhausting satisfactions that always becomes linear.
People addicted to jokes and memes or seeking entertainment always from their smartphones will gradually be eroded from choice cognition and be taken over by something else, whatever it may be.
Drug use and overdose will enter into another territory as mind collapses and many behaviours become undefined. Drug use will lead to an unprecedented amount of ‘waste’. Though, a way to heal for many will be when they see extremes that happened to someone they know, or a different presentation.
Atheism: There will be an explosion of spaces for atheists – online and offline – till at least mid-century this decade, especially as psychology collapses and [what people cannot understand] befall personal lives of many.
But atheism spaces will be crippled by failure of patience where many would see what wrong decisions they took because of lack of Patience – a fruit of the spirit in Christianity.
Also, some members will watch with disgust the lack of wisdom of many of their leaders. Also, they will be surprised by the rejection of doing things right because of their larger belief of nothingness.
Lots of confidences of the atheist teams will fail suddenly, making many reflect on [the outsized way they rated] their strengths and knowledge.
There will also be individuals, who wished for something, and it happens, or wanted something and they got it, but later found no lasting satisfaction.
For example, some people wanted a total collapse before COVID-19, they got lockdown, yet became anxious and panicked.
Some also wanted freedom, or a desire, or a kind of drug, sex, or anything, they got it, yet was not the answer to their emptiness.
There will be lots of fatigues in their community, with deceit, envy, anger, those who breakout will be persecuted.
There is likely to be dedicated factions of atheisms, from general against all religions, to specific. Yes, it seems most atheists are against Christianity, but many would probably focus.
There will be those who will emerge with new thoughtful questions and logic, to initially create new waves, but will always be impaired knowledge.
Since atheists claim to be curious, they can read the Book of Job from Chapter 3 till the end, then come back to read Chapters 1&2. If they cannot find answers there, they can read Psalm 1 – 50. To understand [that] whatever they say isn’t new, also to place why they hate God – love of sin or life’s troubles.
Space: It is possible that man may make Mars this century, however necessity and sustainability could continue or limit that exploration. Within this next one thousand years, it is likely that an unknown planet or star could fly by, defying established theory on distant stars or gravitation, or all the work done to look for life on other planets.
It is also possible that lots of talents and resources that would’ve been useful in revolutionizing economics, etc. will be spent to seek distant astronomy, but won’t yield much after decades.
Judaism
Judaism will enter into a golden age, with its people in major positions and general balance. Also, Israel will benefit from some collapse that may happen in places within its region, expanding its territory and getting genuine conversions.
Catholic Church
People have different interpretation from the Scripture from many of the practices of the Catholic Church. But it is likely that the Lord God Almighty has a covenant of mercy with the Catholic Church, probably [because] the Church was instrumental to Church history prior to Protestant Reformation.
No one can judge the church, except Christ.
If committees in the Catholic Church were to guess what the future may hold for the Catholic Church, it is possible their submission may include that a major crisis may happen that will lead to power sharing of leadership of the Catholic Church with a leader or more of major Pentecostal Churches.
This, in the guess of the committees, may come as a way of forced restitution as God forgives the Church for several errors in the past centuries.
God decides, not committees, or any guess, but if that would happen, it may also involve losing some choice ownership in locations to the Pentecostal Church or Churches.
But in a recommendation, the committees may say towards restitution, intense collaboration with leading Pentecostal Churches, even if to the point of opening up its buildings for worship services, and collaborations on challenges facing the world.
Ultimately, the Catholic Church should keep crying to God, relentlessly for mercy, for so many mistakes of past centuries, and the Lord should remember His covenant with the church.
[Psalm 130:4, But there is forgiveness with Thee, that Thou mayest be feared.]
Also, the Catholic Church has been told by many before and starting from the Reformation about their scriptural misinterpretations. Churches needs to pray – in groaning – to Jesus to show and correct their mistakes and to have mercy so they can make the changes in obedience to Christ alone.
Christianity
This century – at least, will be one of more closet Christians than can ever be measured. The collapse of psychology will be so devastating, mindfulness will be helpless. So many will seek Christianity answers and covertly obey.
So, it will be important to continue true preaching because the word of God does its own work – even if online video views are small, or it seems like no physical crowd, or low metrics.
Religions around the world will often refer to their imitations of the Scriptures as a way to become epicentres of morality.
But within this millennium, it is possible that there will be religions that will mix Christianity and others in what they will say are the way. The only religion that will not [be used] for this mix is Judaism, because of its similarity. But the true word of God is the truth.
There will also be people who will be ready to accept Christ even if the questions are not answered in a way they want, like why is there suffering? Or how really does prayer work?
Also, churches need to try and answer the hard questions, multiple times, with enough realness – of impossible problems many face. Churches must always insist on looking unto Jesus – permanently.
True Christian Churches must be so transparent.
They must also preach obedience always, but with love and hope.
Through the scriptures, the Lord God can save or call anyone, but a common factor is how God loves obedience. There is no other way to carry one’s cross and follow Christ than to [trust and] obey.
Churches have to be more tolerant of each other, minimizing criticisms over who misinterpreted what Scripture because on the day of trouble criticism, like atheism, is useless.
It is unlikely that through this millennium Christianity will – generally – face the kind of persecution that the Apostles faced, after Christ.
But, if at any point the burden becomes hard everywhere and Christians unite to cry to God for mercy – the prayer that thy kingdom come. Christ may return.
Yes, that is not what is in the scriptures but if that is the prayer, with probable cause, God looks mercifully on sincere prayers for mercy, because mercy is also a nature of God along with holiness.
The word of God is the future. Predictions can be grim or lofty, but the Lord, the Creator, decides.
[Psalm 135:6, Whatsoever the Lord pleased, that did He in heaven, and in earth, in the seas, and all deep places.]
Feature/OPED
The Future of Payments: Key Trends to Watch in 2025
By Luke Kyohere
The global payments landscape is undergoing a rapid transformation. New technologies coupled with the rising demand for seamless, secure, and efficient transactions has spurred on an exciting new era of innovation and growth. With 2025 fast approaching, here are important trends that will shape the future of payments:
1. The rise of real-time payments
Until recently, real-time payments have been used in Africa for cross-border mobile money payments, but less so for traditional payments. We are seeing companies like Mastercard investing in this area, as well as central banks in Africa putting focus on this.
2. Cashless payments will increase
In 2025, we will see the continued acceleration of cashless payments across Africa. B2B payments in particular will also increase. Digital payments began between individuals but are now becoming commonplace for larger corporate transactions.
3. Digital currency will hit mainstream
In the cryptocurrency space, we will see an increase in the use of stablecoins like United States Digital Currency (USDC) and Tether (USDT) which are linked to US dollars. These will come to replace traditional cryptocurrencies as their price point is more stable. This year, many countries will begin preparing for Central Bank Digital Currencies (CBDCs), government-backed digital currencies which use blockchain.
The increased uptake of digital currencies reflects the maturity of distributed ledger technology and improved API availability.
4. Increased government oversight
As adoption of digital currencies will increase, governments will also put more focus into monitoring these flows. In particular, this will centre on companies and banks rather than individuals. The goal of this will be to control and occasionally curb runaway foreign exchange (FX) rates.
5. Business leaders buy into AI technology
In 2025, we will see many business leaders buying into AI through respected providers relying on well-researched platforms and huge data sets. Most companies don’t have the budget to invest in their own research and development in AI, so many are now opting to ‘buy’ into the technology rather than ‘build’ it themselves. Moreover, many businesses are concerned about the risks associated with data ownership and accuracy so buying software is another way to avoid this risk.
6. Continued AI Adoption in Payments
In payments, the proliferation of AI will continue to improve user experience and increase security. To detect fraud, AI is used to track patterns and payment flows in real-time. If unusual activity is detected, the technology can be used to flag or even block payments which may be fraudulent.
When it comes to user experience, we will also see AI being used to improve the interface design of payment platforms. The technology will also increasingly be used for translation for international payment platforms.
7. Rise of Super Apps
To get more from their platforms, mobile network operators are building comprehensive service platforms, integrating multiple payment experiences into a single app. This reflects the shift of many users moving from text-based services to mobile apps. Rather than offering a single service, super apps are packing many other services into a single app. For example, apps which may have previously been used primarily for lending, now have options for saving and paying bills.
8. Business strategy shift
Recent major technological changes will force business leaders to focus on much shorter prediction and reaction cycles. Because the rate of change has been unprecedented in the past year, this will force decision-makers to adapt quickly, be decisive and nimble.
As the payments space evolves, businesses, banks, and governments must continually embrace innovation, collaboration, and prioritise customer needs. These efforts build a more inclusive, secure, and efficient payment system that supports local to global economic growth – enabling true financial inclusion across borders.
Luke Kyohere is the Group Chief Product and Innovation Officer at Onafriq
Feature/OPED
Ghana’s Democratic Triumph: A Call to Action for Nigeria’s 2027 Elections
In a heartfelt statement released today, the Conference of Nigeria Political Parties (CNPP) has extended its warmest congratulations to Ghana’s President-Elect, emphasizing the importance of learning from Ghana’s recent electoral success as Nigeria gears up for its 2027 general elections.
In a statement signed by its Deputy National Publicity Secretary, Comrade James Ezema, the CNPP highlighted the need for Nigeria to reclaim its status as a leader in democratic governance in Africa.
“The recent victory of Ghana’s President-Elect is a testament to the maturity and resilience of Ghana’s democracy,” the CNPP stated. “As we celebrate this achievement, we must reflect on the lessons that Nigeria can learn from our West African neighbour.”
The CNPP’s message underscored the significance of free, fair, and credible elections, a standard that Ghana has set and one that Nigeria has previously achieved under former President Goodluck Jonathan in 2015. “It is high time for Nigeria to reclaim its position as a beacon of democracy in Africa,” the CNPP asserted, calling for a renewed commitment to the electoral process.
Central to CNPP’s message is the insistence that “the will of the people must be supreme in Nigeria’s electoral processes.” The umbrella body of all registered political parties and political associations in Nigeria CNPP emphasized the necessity of an electoral system that genuinely reflects the wishes of the Nigerian populace. “We must strive to create an environment where elections are free from manipulation, violence, and intimidation,” the CNPP urged, calling on the Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC) to take decisive action to ensure the integrity of the electoral process.
The CNPP also expressed concern over premature declarations regarding the 2027 elections, stating, “It is disheartening to note that some individuals are already announcing that there is no vacancy in Aso Rock in 2027. This kind of statement not only undermines the democratic principles that our nation holds dear but also distracts from the pressing need for the current administration to earn the trust of the electorate.”
The CNPP viewed the upcoming elections as a pivotal moment for Nigeria. “The 2027 general elections present a unique opportunity for Nigeria to reclaim its position as a leader in democratic governance in Africa,” it remarked. The body called on all stakeholders — including the executive, legislature, judiciary, the Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC), and civil society organisations — to collaborate in ensuring that elections are transparent, credible, and reflective of the will of the Nigerian people.
As the most populous African country prepares for the 2027 elections, the CNPP urged all Nigerians to remain vigilant and committed to democratic principles. “We must work together to ensure that our elections are free from violence, intimidation, and manipulation,” the statement stated, reaffirming the CNPP’s commitment to promoting a peaceful and credible electoral process.
In conclusion, the CNPP congratulated the President-Elect of Ghana and the Ghanaian people on their remarkable achievements.
“We look forward to learning from their experience and working together to strengthen democracy in our region,” the CNPP concluded.
Feature/OPED
The Need to Promote Equality, Equity and Fairness in Nigeria’s Proposed Tax Reforms
By Kenechukwu Aguolu
The proposed tax reform, involving four tax bills introduced by the Federal Government, has received significant criticism. Notably, it was rejected by the Governors’ Forum but was still forwarded to the National Assembly. Unlike the various bold economic decisions made by this government, concessions will likely need to be made on these tax reforms, which involve legislative amendments and therefore cannot be imposed by the executive. This article highlights the purposes of taxation, the qualities of a good tax system, and some of the implications of the proposed tax reforms.
One of the major purposes of taxation is to generate revenue for the government to finance its activities. A good tax system should raise sufficient revenue for the government to fund its operations, and support economic and infrastructural development. For any country to achieve meaningful progress, its tax-to-GDP ratio should be at least 15%. Currently, Nigeria’s tax-to-GDP ratio is less than 11%. The proposed tax reforms aim to increase this ratio to 18% within the next three years.
A good tax system should also promote income redistribution and equality by implementing progressive tax policies. In line with this, the proposed tax reforms favour low-income earners. For example, individuals earning less than one million naira annually are exempted from personal income tax. Additionally, essential goods and services such as food, accommodation, and transportation, which constitute a significant portion of household consumption for low- and middle-income groups, are to be exempted from VAT.
In addition to equality, a good tax system should ensure equity and fairness, a key area of contention surrounding the proposed reforms. If implemented, the amendments to the Value Added Tax could lead to a significant reduction in the federal allocation for some states; impairing their ability to finance government operations and development projects. The VAT amendments should be holistically revisited to promote fairness and national unity.
The establishment of a single agency to collect government taxes, the Nigeria Revenue Service, could reduce loopholes that have previously resulted in revenue losses, provided proper controls are put in place. It is logically easier to monitor revenue collection by one agency than by multiple agencies. However, this is not a magical solution. With automation, revenue collection can be seamless whether it is managed by one agency or several, as long as monitoring and accountability measures are implemented effectively.
The proposed tax reforms by the Federal Government are well-intentioned. However, all concerns raised by Nigerians should be looked into, and concessions should be made where necessary. Policies are more effective when they are adapted to suit the unique characteristics of a nation, rather than adopted wholesale. A good tax system should aim to raise sufficient revenue, ensure equitable income distribution, and promote equality, equity, and fairness.
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